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Underground pipe repair

07.03.2010

Leaky water pipes in the world's cities waste 88 billion liters of purified water every day, according to the World Bank. Experts consider it acceptable to lose 3500 liters of water per day per kilometer of main pipes. To cope with even such "small" losses, it is necessary either to change the entire system, or to reduce the water pressure in the water supply.

Israel has proposed a new way to deal with cracks in underground main pipes. The water in the area is turned off. A "coupling" of two pistons made of elastic material is launched into the pipe. Between them is a viscous solution of a special composition.

Water pressure drives this system through the pipe. When it crawls up to the crack, the pressure of water squeezes out a little repair mixture into the crack, which soon hardens. After that, it is necessary to wash the pipes and again let the water into the residential areas.

The method can also be applied to oil and gas pipelines.

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Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

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Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

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Alcohol content of warm beer 07.05.2024

Beer, as one of the most common alcoholic drinks, has its own unique taste, which can change depending on the temperature of consumption. A new study by an international team of scientists has found that beer temperature has a significant impact on the perception of alcoholic taste. The study, led by materials scientist Lei Jiang, found that at different temperatures, ethanol and water molecules form different types of clusters, which affects the perception of alcoholic taste. At low temperatures, more pyramid-like clusters form, which reduces the pungency of the "ethanol" taste and makes the drink taste less alcoholic. On the contrary, as the temperature increases, the clusters become more chain-like, resulting in a more pronounced alcoholic taste. This explains why the taste of some alcoholic drinks, such as baijiu, can change depending on temperature. The data obtained opens up new prospects for beverage manufacturers, ... >>

Random news from the Archive

South Korea launches world's most powerful laser 14.05.2021

South Korean scientists have created the most powerful laser machine in the world. The intensity of the pulses of the installation is equal to all the light of the Sun falling on the Earth, focused into a beam with a diameter of 10 microns. The colossal energy of pulses on a micrometer target will make it possible to set up experiments that will help to penetrate into the essence of the interaction of light and matter, which will open the way for new directions in fundamental physics. Scientific discoveries will flow like water.

For many years in a row, the most powerful pulsed laser was the installation in the USA - the HERCULES titanium-sapphire laser at the University of Michigan. At its peak, "Hercules" developed 10 ^ 22 watts per cm2. Researchers at the Center for Relativistic Laser Science of South Korea (CoReLS) were able to surpass this achievement by an order of magnitude and reported the creation of a pulsed laser with a power of 10^23 W per cm2.

The pulse duration of such lasers is very, very small - only a few femtoseconds, and the target dimensions are 50 times smaller than the diameter of a human hair and are 1,1 microns.

To achieve the record intensity, it was necessary to complicate the optical focusing system to the limit and control the wave front of the pulses very accurately. For example, the so-called deforming mirrors were used as mirrors, which compensated for the slightest distortions during pulse focusing.

"This high-intensity laser will allow us to study astrophysical phenomena such as electron-photon and photon-photon scattering in the laboratory," said Chang Hee Nam, director of CoReLS and professor at the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology. "We can use it for experimental testing and access to theoretical ideas, some of which were first proposed almost a century ago."

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