An energy explosion has been recorded in the Earth's magnetosphere for the first time. Free Technical Library News

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An energy explosion has been recorded in the Earth's magnetosphere for the first time

21.11.2018

Researchers at the University of New Hampshire spotted a subtle singular event involving magnetic reconnection, the process by which rarefied particles and Earth's energy collide to produce a fast but powerful explosion in Earth's magnetotail.

Magnetic reconnection has so far remained a mystery to scientists. They know it exists and have documented the effects that energy explosions can have - auroras and possibly disruption of power grids in the event of extremely strong events - but they didn't fully understand the details. In the new study, scientists provide first insights into critical details of how this energy conversion process works in Earth's magnetotail.

Magnetic reconnection occurs around the Earth every day due to the twisting and reconnection of magnetic fields. This happens in different ways in different places, producing different effects. Plasma particles can be converted and cause a single powerful explosion lasting only a fraction of a second, which can lead to strong streams of electrons flying at supersonic speeds. The event that scientists noticed had a resolution high enough to distinguish it from other reconnection regimes, such as the asymmetric process that occurs in the Earth's magnetopause - the outer boundary of the Earth's magnetosphere.

Magnetic reconnection also occurs in the Sun and throughout the Universe - in all cases forcibly firing off particles and triggering most of the changes we observe in dynamic space environments, so studying this process on Earth helps us understand reconnection in other places that the cosmic one cannot achieve. ship. The more we understand the different types of magnetic reconnections, the better we can understand what such explosions might look like elsewhere.

The asymmetric event was first seen on October 16, 2015, and the symmetrical event is now dated July 11, 2017, when a NASA mission flew through the magnetic reconnection process near Earth. The four ISS spacecraft were inside the events for only a few seconds, but the instruments used by the scientists collected data at an unprecedented rate - a hundred times faster than ever before. As a result, for the first time, scientists were able to determine the change in magnetic fields, the appearance of new ones, and the speed and direction of various charged particles.

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