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53. Country Competitiveness
Some view a country's competitiveness as a macroeconomic phenomenon driven by factors such as the exchange rate, interest rates, and budget deficits. The concept of national competitiveness is productivity. The main goal of every state is to achieve a high and constantly growing standard of living for its citizens.
Performance is the volume of output produced by a unit of labor or capital expended.
Home country is a country in which the main competitive advantages of the enterprise are created and maintained. This is the country where the company's strategy is developed, in which the basic product and technological processes are created and maintained; the most productive work is also localized there and the most skilled labor force is concentrated.
The role of the government in the country's competitiveness. The government cannot create competitive industries; only the companies themselves can do this. Government plays a role that, by its very nature, is only partially significant and leads to success if the government's actions work together with the favorable underlying conditions outlined in the diamond.
Role of government - indirect, not direct.
The government has a great responsibility for fundamental factors: the system of primary and secondary education, the basic infrastructure of the country, the conduct of research in areas of interest, such as health. Efforts directed along the path of creating favorable factors rarely lead to the formation of competitive advantages. Factors that lead to competitive advantage are progressive, specialized and closely tied to certain industries or groups of industries.
By intervening in factors and the foreign exchange market, governments hope to reduce factor costs or establish a favorable exchange rate. If market forces drive up factor costs or the exchange rate, the government must resist the temptation to push them back.
Government legislation can help achieve competitive advantage by stimulating and improving domestic demand. Rigid standards for product performance, safety, and environmental impact put pressure on companies to improve quality, improve technology, and add product features to meet consumer and societal needs.
Author: Ilyina V.N.
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