10. "Wild competition" of the era of primitive accumulation of capital and the emerging market

Economic theory defines competition as social selection as a result of the competitive struggle of the most adapted to market relations of economic entities. "Adjustability" is expressed in the ability of an enterprise to adapt to events occurring in a competitive environment and is reflected in obtaining and maximizing long-term profits.

The adaptability mechanism is implemented in different ways. The most common is the implementation of the mechanism of "wild" ("non-economic") competition. This mechanism was the predominant form of competition in the period of pure capitalism or primitive capitalism.

A characteristic feature of this stage is the dominance of indirect methods of violence of a person (employer-capitalist) over another person (employee). In contrast to direct forms of violence (feudalism, slavery, robbery, robbery, banditry), indirect forms of violence (long hours of work that are detrimental to human health, prohibitively high injuries in the production process, wages at or below the physiological minimum, etc.) implied the voluntary consent of both parties to the implementation of such relations. The voluntary consent of the worker was determined by the social background of the society of that time. The employer here acted as a classical capitalist, described in the works of K. Marx and F. Engels. Negative forms of behavior also prevailed in relation to other participants in market transactions:

1) competitors (physical elimination, blackmail, espionage, fraud, monopoly collusion);

2) consumers (poor-quality, often life-threatening in use, goods, deception in calculations, discrimination);

3) suppliers (fraud in calculations); shareholders (creation of fictitious joint-stock companies, non-payment of dividends, manipulations with controlling stakes);

4) to the local community and the state (non-payment of taxes, ignoring laws, planting corruption, environmental pollution, spiritual decay of the population through the distribution of base and immoral products, alcohol).

In terms of importance for the life of the world community, "wild" competition is giving way to other types of competition, such as price, subject or functional competition. However, spatially it still occupies a dominant position. Many countries of the world (this is especially true for the group of developing countries - countries of the "third world") have never left and are unlikely to leave the area of ​​this type of competition in the near future.

Author: Ilyina V.N.

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