Конкуренция. Рынок "жесткой монополизации" (самое важное)

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Конкуренция. Рынок "жесткой монополизации" (самое важное)

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12. The market of "hard monopolization"

Market of "hard monopolization" is determined by the absolute power of one large enterprise in the economic market, which produces a significant amount of products of a certain type, due to which it occupies a dominant position in the market. Such a dominant position gives him the opportunity to independently or together with other entrepreneurs to limit competition in the market for a particular product. It also gets the opportunity to influence the pricing process, achieving favorable prices, and receives higher profits and, therefore, there is no room for competition at all.

Market monopolization in its purest form is a rare occurrence. More often there are markets in which several firms compete with each other.

The driving force behind the actions of entrepreneurs is the law of concentration of production and capital. The effect of this law is observed at all stages of the development of market relations. Its engine is competition. In order to survive in such a struggle, to get big profits, entrepreneurs are forced to introduce new equipment and increase the scale of production. At the same time, several larger ones are separated from the mass of medium and small enterprises. When this happens, the largest entrepreneurs have an alternative: either to continue losing competition among themselves, or to come to an agreement on the scale of production, prices, markets, etc. As a rule, they choose the second option, which leads to the appearance of a certain agreement between them, which is one of the main signs of the monopolization of the market economy.

Monopoly is the opposite of competition, which is the most extreme form of imperfect competition. There are different types of monopolies:

1) natural;

2) administrative;

3) economic.

Also, modern theory highlights more three types of monopolies:

▪ monopoly of an individual enterprise;

▪ monopoly as an agreement;

▪ monopoly based on product differentiation.

A seller can have monopoly power if he raises the price of his product by limiting the output of the product. Even small shops in large cities have some control over the prices they charge.

To have the monopoly power that every entrepreneur or firm desires, the firm does not need to be a monopolist. It allows them to avoid a whole range of problems and risks associated with competition, to take a privileged position in the market, concentrating in their hands a certain power that has the ability to influence other market participants.

Author: Ilyina V.N.

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