Civil law. Parts I, III and IV. Business companies (most important)

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Civil law. Parts I, III and IV. Business companies (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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12. BUSINESS COMPANIES

Business companies - these are the most common types of legal entities in commercial circulation, the common feature of which is that their property is conditionally divided into shares, in which the obligations of participants in relation to the legal entity to receive a share from the distribution of profits are expressed; to receive a share of the value of property when a participant leaves a legal entity; to receive a share of the liquidation balance; to participate in the management of a legal entity.

The basic rights and obligations of participants in business partnerships and companies are enshrined in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, are imperative in nature and can be supplemented by constituent documents.

Participants have the right: manage the affairs of the company in one form or another, receive information about its activities, participate in the distribution of profits, receive part of the property left after the liquidation of the legal entity.

Participants are required to: participate in the formation of the property of the company; not disclose confidential information about its activities.

Limited Liability Company (LLC) - a commercial organization formed by one or more persons who are not liable for its obligations, the authorized capital of which is divided into shares belonging to its participants in predetermined amounts, fixed in its constituent documents - the memorandum of association and charter.

Joint-stock company (JSC) - a commercial organization formed by any number of persons who are not liable for its obligations, with an authorized capital divided into shares, the rights to which do not require their fixation in the constituent documents, but are certified by documents with high turnover - shares (securities) .

Additional liability company (ALC) - a commercial organization formed by one or more persons jointly and severally bearing additional liability for its obligations in the amount of a multiple of the value of their contributions to the authorized capital.

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