Hospital therapy. Differential/diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Hospital therapy. Differential/diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

9. Differential / diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)

It is produced primarily with myocarditis and myocardial dystrophies, i.e. with those conditions that are sometimes unreasonably called secondary cardiomyopathies.

Myocardial biopsy provides significant assistance in the differential diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy and heart disease, occurring with a pronounced increase in it:

1) with severe diffuse myocarditis, cellular infiltration of the stroma is found in combination with dystrophic and necrotic changes in cardiomyocytes;

2) with primary amyloidosis occurring with heart damage (the so-called cardiopathic variant of primary amyloidosis), there is a significant deposition of amyloid in the interstitial tissue of the myocardium, combined with atrophy of muscle fibers;

3) with hemochromatosis (a disease caused by a violation of iron metabolism), deposits of iron-containing pigment are found in the myocardium, various degrees of dystrophy and atrophy of muscle fibers, and proliferation of connective tissue are observed.

As a variant of DCM, drug-induced and toxic cardiomyopathies can be considered.

Numerous agents can cause toxic damage to the myocardium: ethanol, emetine, lithium, cadmium, cobalt, arsenic, isproterenol and other poisons. Pathohistological changes in the tissues of the heart muscle manifest themselves in the form of focal dystrophies. The most striking example of toxic cardiomyopathy is the cardiomyopathy that occurs in people who drink excessive amounts of beer. In the acute stage of cobalt cardiomyopathy, the presence of hydropic and fatty degeneration, destruction of intracellular organelles, and focal necrosis of cardiomyocytes are noted.

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Ethanol has a direct toxic effect on cardiomyocytes.

Macroscopically, the myocardium is flabby, clay-like, sometimes small scars are observed. The coronary arteries are intact. Microscopic examination shows a combination of dystrophy (hydropic and fatty), atrophy and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, possibly the presence of foci of cardiomyocyte lysis and sclerosis. The affected areas of the myocardium contrast with unchanged ones. Electron microscopic examination of heart biopsy specimens shows cystic expansion of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-system of cardiomyocytes, which is characteristic of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Complications of alcoholic cardiomyopathy - sudden death as a result of ventricular fibrillation or chronic heart failure, thromboembolic syndrome.

<< Back: Clinical picture and diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)

>> Forward: Treatment and prevention of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ General biology. Lecture notes

▪ Social Pedagogy. Lecture notes

▪ Pharmacology. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Bacteria to turn sugars into synthetic oil 25.11.2021

American biochemists have created a strain of E. coli that can produce biofuels using various sugars as raw materials.

"We have created a two-step biochemical process whereby glucose can be directly converted into unsaturated hydrocarbons using living and non-living catalysts. Biofuel production in this way will bring humanity closer to the creation of a full-fledged green energy," said Wang Zhen, associate professor at the University at Buffalo and one of the authors of the study. .

Over the past decades, scientists have come up with several methods for converting plant biomass into fuel. As a rule, it is produced in several stages with the participation of fungi and different types of bacteria. These fuels can be used, but they are quite expensive to produce, and they are inferior to gasoline in terms of energy intensity.

Wang Zhen and her colleagues proposed to solve this problem with the help of bacteria that can directly convert vegetable raw materials and the sugars contained in it into a mixture of unsaturated hydrocarbons, which are similar in composition and properties to gasoline, diesel fuel and other petroleum products.

To do this, scientists have built into the genome of the common E. coli four genes with "instructions" for the production of enzymes that gradually convert glucose and other sugars into fatty acids. Specialists selected these proteins in such a way that they did not interfere with the work of all other cellular systems associated with the synthesis of fats, so they did not threaten the life of microbes.

All these enzymes were borrowed from the genomes of other bacteria, in particular, the pathogenic microbe Treponema denticola, associated with the development of periodontitis. Biochemists adapted these proteins to work with each other, and then tested whether the E. coli they created could turn sugar into an analogue of gasoline and other petroleum products.

Experiments have shown that one more component is needed for its production - a catalyst based on niobium oxide. It converts fatty acids into unsaturated hydrocarbons. In combination with microbes, this catalyst can convert about 8% of the initial mass of glucose into a biological analogue of oil.

Other interesting news:

▪ Energy Efficient Optical Communication

▪ Created a new form of light

▪ Plastc Cards

▪ Lie detector for eggs

▪ Panasonic Toughbook 55 rugged laptop

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Audio Art. Article selection

▪ article The more interesting a century is for a historian, the sadder it is for a contemporary. Popular expression

▪ article On which side in World War II, besides the Third Reich, did Hitler fight? Detailed answer

▪ article Working with anolyte. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article CRT filament protection device. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Cable lines up to 220 kV. Choice of laying methods. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews