Hospital therapy. Etiology of gastric ulcer (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Hospital therapy. Etiology of gastric ulcer (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

41. Etiology of gastric ulcer

Peptic ulcer (peptic ulcer) is a chronic, relapsing disease, clinically manifested by a functional pathology of the gastroduodenal zone, and morphologically - by a violation of the integrity of its mucous and submucosal layers, and therefore the ulcer always heals with the formation of a scar.

Etiology. The main etiological factor of peptic ulcer is the microbial expansion of HP on the surface of the epithelium of the stomach.

The significance of bacterial aggression in the etiology of the disease has been studied since 1983, when J. Warren and B. Marshall reported the discovery of a large number of S-spiral bacteria on the surface of the epithelium of the antrum of the stomach.

Helicobacteria are able to exist in an acidic environment due to the production of the urease enzyme, which converts urea (from the bloodstream) into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The products of enzymatic hydrolysis neutralize hydrochloric acid and create conditions for changing the pH of the environment around each bacterial cell, thus providing favorable conditions for the vital activity of microorganisms.

No less important in the development of peptic ulcers are neuropsychic effects, hereditary predisposition, infectious agents, alimentary errors and the intake of certain medications, and bad habits.

Popular among researchers are hereditary factors: the inertia of the main nervous processes, group-specific properties of blood, immunological and biochemical features, hereditary burden syndrome. In the occurrence of peptic ulcer, essential importance was attached to alimentary violations.

However, clinical and experimental studies conducted in the last two decades in most cases did not reveal the damaging effect of food products on the gastroduodenal mucosa. The prevalence of peptic ulcer disease among significant contingents of people with different dietary habits also testifies against the leading importance of nutritional factors. Disturbances in the rhythm and regularity of nutrition, long breaks between meals, untimely eating are essential for the occurrence of peptic ulcers. Researchers have expressed relatively conflicting views about the role of alcohol in ulcerogenesis. Alcohol is known to cause atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa. These observations are in conflict with the general concept of ulceration.

The role of medicinal effects in ulcerogenesis is being actively studied. The results of studies published in the literature and our own data indicate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoid hormones have the most pronounced ulcerogenic properties.

<< Back: Diagnosis and treatment of chronic gastritis

>> Forward: Diagnosis of peptic ulcer of the stomach

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ Banking. Lecture notes

▪ Pathological anatomy. Crib

▪ Land law. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

The fog is killing the trees 20.05.2002

As geographers from the University of Bern (Switzerland) have established, not only acid rains, but also fog are dangerous for trees. Experiments conducted in pine forests in the east of Bavaria (Germany) showed that the smallest droplets of fog absorb any pollution from the air 25 times more efficiently than relatively large raindrops can do.

The researchers had guessed this before, but could not measure how much water with pollutants dissolved in it brings fog. The amount of water that has fallen with the rain is easy to measure with a rain gauge, which is just a bucket of standard sizes.

To measure the amount of water carried by a fog cloud, scientists used sophisticated equipment that recorded the size of the fog droplets, the number of droplets of each size class, and the speed of the air currents carrying the fog. As a result, it turned out that the fog brought as many pollutants to the forest during the five-month measurement period as rain. Basically, these pollutants are acid-forming oxides of sulfur and nitrogen.

In addition, the acidity of the fog was measured. It was 10 times more acidic than the most acidic rain. Enveloping crowns, acid fog can burn foliage.

Perhaps that is why in the mountain forests of Switzerland, where fogs are especially frequent, every fifth tree has a very thinned crown.

Other interesting news:

▪ Heated shoe insoles

▪ LDB - DC-DC Buck-Boost LED Driver Series

▪ Latin at school

▪ Map made by cod

▪ Asus Strix Arion

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Metal detectors. Article selection

▪ article Legal bases of military service. Basics of safe life

▪ article When and why did the tenth pin appear in bowling? Detailed answer

▪ article Presser of building ceramic products. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Refinement of the speed controller for three-phase asynchronous motors. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Simple phone dial blocker. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews