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Created a new form of light

15.02.2018

MIT scientists have created a new form of light that can be used to create, for example, Star Wars-style lightsabers. Also, this discovery can be the basis for the development of new ways of communication and computing.

Light is made up of photons - fast tiny packets of energy. As a rule, photons don't interact with each other at all, so when using flashlights, we don't see how "light rays bounce off each other, they pass through each other," explains Sergio Cantu, PhD in physics and mathematics. However, he and a team of physicists at the institute managed to "bind" individual photons in the same way that individual atoms are connected in molecules.

Evaporating the rubidium with a laser and keeping it ultra-cold created a cloud, which the researchers contained in a small tube and magnetized. This kept the rubidium atoms in a state of slow diffusion. The team then launched a weak laser into the cloud. It is so weak that only a few photons enter the cloud. After measuring the output data, it turned out that the photons passed through the cloud 100 times slower than usual. In addition, during the flight, they began to combine in pairs and triplets. They also give off another energy signature, a phase shift, which tells researchers that the photons are interacting.

Surprisingly, the three-photon bunching turned out to be even more stable than the double bunching. "The more you add, the more they are connected," - say the authors of the experiment.

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