Eye diseases. Signs of choroid tumors (most important)

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Eye diseases. Signs of choroid tumors (most important)

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28. Signs of choroid tumors

In the iris, single thin-walled or multiple blisters of various shapes and sizes are determined, which grow and can cause secondary glaucoma. Pearl cysts can occur in the iris due to the germination of the corneal epithelium into it after perforated wounds or surgical interventions.

Cysts of the ciliary body are determined by cycloscopy and gonioscopy. At the extreme periphery, at the dentate line, yellow-gray bubbles are visible, protruding into the vitreous body. Ciliary body cysts should be differentiated from retinal detachment, which is characterized by the presence of light gray or pink blisters, retinal swelling, and changes in the course and color of blood vessels. Treatment is carried out, as a rule, when secondary glaucoma occurs and consists of diathermocoagulation of the ciliary body, sometimes in excision of the cyst.

Choroidal angioma. Most often localized in the paracentral parts of the fundus, they are round in shape, yellowish-cherry in color, and their boundaries are unclear. According to the location of the angiomas, a defect in the field of view is observed.

Pigment tumors. Benign melanomas in children can be localized in different parts of the vascular tract. Benign melanomas ("birthmarks") of the iris are of different sizes, slightly rise above its surface and have a dark color of varying intensity. Melanomas of the ciliary body are almost never detected in vivo and do not cause noticeable changes in the functions of the eye.

Choroidal melanomas have the appearance of spots of varying sizes and localization, dark with a gray tint, round in shape, with fairly clear boundaries. The retina under these spots is not changed or, due to the pronounced thickness of the melanoma, is somewhat protruded into the vitreous body. The state of eye function depends on the severity and location of melanomas.

Melanoblastoma of the vascular tract in children is almost never registered. It is more common in people over thirty years of age.

Treatment. Surgery, diathermo, photo or laser coagulation.

Neurofibromatosis. If, during examination using lateral illumination and biomicroscopy, the unevenness of the anterior chamber is determined, multiple nodules of a brownish-yellowish round shape with clear boundaries are found in the iris, slightly rising above the surrounding unchanged tissue of the iris, you should find out whether the patient has changes on the skin (pigment spots café-au-lait color, tumors along the skin nerves), which is characteristic of neurofibromatosis, or Recklinghausen's disease.

Author: Shilnikov L.V.

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