Eye diseases. Clinical picture of individual forms of uveitis (most important)

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Eye diseases. Clinical picture of individual forms of uveitis (most important)

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26. Clinical picture of individual forms of uveitis

Influenza uveitis is characterized by an acute onset during and after influenza. Serous exudate is determined in the anterior chamber, posterior synechiae are easily torn.

Treatment is general: oral long-acting (prolonged) preparations of broad-spectrum antibiotics (tetracycline series) and sulfonamides in age-related doses, as well as antibiotics and sulfonamides.

Rheumatic uveitis begins acutely, often against the background of a rheumatic attack; its seasonality is very characteristic. Both eyes are often affected. A jelly-like exudate and a lot of easily ruptured posterior synechiae are found in the anterior chamber. The disease lasts five to six weeks, and there is a tendency to relapse. Positive immune reactions to Reactive protein, high titers of ASG and ASLO help in making a diagnosis.

General treatment: inside aspirin (pyramidone, salicylic sodium, butadione), prednisone, injections of cortisone, ACTH (intramuscularly), penicillin durant preparations.

With tuberculosis infection, various forms of damage to the vascular tract are observed. Tuberculous lesions of the vascular tract are characterized by an inconspicuous onset, a sluggish course, the presence of "sebaceous" precipitates, "guns" along the pupillary edge of the iris, tuberculous tubercles, powerful, difficult to tear posterior synechiae. Sometimes the cornea is involved in the process. Additional research methods clarify the diagnosis: Pirquet, Mantoux tests, detection of focal reactions to tuberculin tests, biochemical studies of protein blood fractions before and after tuberculin tests.

Treatment. Complex therapy, specific antibacterial agents. Uveitis in nonspecific infectious polyarthritis is characterized by damage to connective tissue elements in the stroma of the cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, uveal tract, which is expressed in dry keratoconjunctivitis, corneal dystrophy, scleritis and episcleritis. The vascular tract is primarily affected. The first signs of eye involvement in the pathological process are dry gray precipitates of various sizes on the posterior surface of the cornea. The treatment is comprehensive, restorative: intravenous 40% glucose solution, blood transfusions, physical therapy, joint exercises, electrophoresis of the joint area with calcium chloride, antiallergic and anti-inflammatory treatment (calcium gluconate, aspirin, butadione, chloroquine, delagil, corticosteroids, etc.).

The ophthalmic form of toxoplasmosis occurs as a sluggish serous iridocyclitis with significant clouding of the vitreous body. The central or peripheral exudative chorioretinitis is more often observed.

Diagnostic positive serological reactions (RSK with the patient's blood serum) and a skin test with toxoplasmin help.

Treatment. According to the scheme, in a certain dosage, depending on age, chloridine is prescribed in combination with sulfa drugs and cortisone. Local symptomatic therapy.

Author: Shilnikov L.V.

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