Budget system of the Russian Federation. Budget device. Interbudgetary relations (most important)

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Budget system of the Russian Federation. Budget device. Interbudgetary relations (most important)

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4. Budget device. Interbudgetary relations

budget device - these are the organizational principles of building the budget system, its structure, the interaction of its budgets.

The budget structure is determined by the state structure. The budget system in unitary enterprises includes two links: the state budget and local budgets.

In accordance with the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, the budget system of federal states consists of three parts: the state budget, the budgets of the members of the federation, and local budgets.

The state budget system consists of three links and includes: the republican (federal) budget; 21 republican budgets within the Russian Federation, 55 regional and regional budgets, city budgets of Moscow and St. Petersburg, 10 district budgets of autonomous districts, the budget of the Jewish Autonomous Region; about 29 thousand local budgets.

The budget structure in the Russian Federation is based on the principles of unity, completeness, reality, publicity and independence of all budgets included in the state budget system.

A complex problem in the budget structure is budgetary federalism, i.e., budgetary relations between the center and the regions.

Interbudgetary relations - these are the relations that arise between the state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments that are associated with the formation and execution of the relevant budgets (Article 6 of the RF BC).

Interbudgetary relations are based on the following principles:

1) distribution and consolidation of budget expenditures by levels of the budget system of the Russian Federation;

2) differentiation of regulatory revenues for certain levels of the budget system of the Russian Federation;

3) equality of budgetary rights of subjects of the Russian Federation, equality of budgetary rights of municipalities;

4) equality of all budgets in relations with the federal budget, equality of local budgets in relations with the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

5) equalization of the levels of the minimum budgetary security of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities.

To improve interbudgetary relations it is necessary to:

1) provide support to the subjects of the Federation in such a way as to leave them incentives to develop their own sources of income;

2) make a scheme for grouping territories by economic regions.

The revenue part of the territorial budgets is made up of fixed and regulatory revenues, grants and subventions, as well as credit resources.

Author: Natalia Burkhanova

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