67. REVISION OF INCOME. CONTROL OF FINANCIAL REPORTING

Verifying that all reported income actually occurred. Intentional overestimation of revenue volumes can be carried out under pressure from senior management personnel seeking to embellish the results of their activities in order to move up the career ladder or receive bonuses or bonuses depending on the financial results of the managed organization.

Verifying that all transactions that actually took place are recorded. Signs of underestimation of activity volumes (presence of “shadow” turnover) may be:

1) the lack of a clear numbering of bills, invoices, concluded supply or sale contracts;

2) discrepancy, according to the auditor, the scope of the organization's activities;

3) the work of several companies under a single trademark, if the seals affixed to the documents do not indicate the legal details of a particular legal entity.

Intentional understatement of revenue can be made in order to reduce the investment attractiveness of the organization, for the subsequent purchase of its shares at reduced prices. In addition, underselling sales prices when selling to affiliates is possible in order to obtain tax savings.

Understatement of revenue for the purpose of tax savings is organized to formally comply with the conditions for the application of certain preferential tax regimes. For these purposes, a whole group of controlled companies is organized, among which the actually performed volume is dispersed.

Understatement of sale prices when selling to affiliates is possible in order to receive large dividends.

Revealing hidden rental income. As a rule, there is a concealment of income from the rental of real estate (mostly non-residential buildings and premises) and vehicles.

Hidden facts of renting out real estate can be revealed by a sudden inventory with an inspection of all premises. During a scheduled inspection, these facts cannot be revealed, since the signs of the tenant companies are prudently removed, and the employees of the lessor organizations are instructed how to answer the questions of the inspectors, introduce themselves as employees of such and such a department, although with due care the auditor may ask for a passport, check the list personnel, examine documents, etc. Revealing hidden facts of leasing is possible by the method of "anonymous verification": the auditor, under the guise of an ordinary visitor, comes to the organization being checked on any issue, inspects the premises, pretending to be looking for someone.

Identification of cases of untimely reflection of revenue for tax planning purposes.

Revenue is often used as a regulator of the tax burden. Premature recognition or deferment of recognition of revenue for tax purposes allows you to manipulate the amount of taxes.

A direct violation of the timeliness of revenue recognition is identified by comparing the date of shipment, the signing of an act or the occurrence of another event that entails the recognition of revenue and the date of its recognition in tax accounting. However, more often there are cases of distortion of the very date of signing the act or the date of the invoice.

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