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Adult elephants calm the youth

07.01.2022

Elephants seem to us smart and kind, but sometimes they find something on them, and they become violent and aggressive, attacking cars, motorcycles and bicycles, animals, people. Researchers at the University of Exeter have found that the aggressiveness of elephants - at least young ones - noticeably weakens when older elephants are next to them.

Researchers observed elephants in Botswana's Makgadikgadi National Park for three years. Among almost three hundred males there were elephants of various ages: teenagers (10-15 years old), older teenagers (16-20 years old), adults (21-25 years old) and elderly (over 26 years old). Elephants could quarrel with each other, but it is curious that adolescents more often attacked some foreign objects and other animals (in particular, livestock) when there were no elders nearby. At the same time, young elephants were not only more aggressive, but also more shy, which is understandable: aggressiveness is associated with fear, both in animals and in people.

If in the group of elephants there were not only teenagers, but also adult and elderly males, young elephants behaved more calmly, did not smash anything and did not attack livestock. Perhaps, next to adults and old people, young people feel more protected, or perhaps there is some kind of pedagogical influence on the part of adult elephants.

When talking about the social life of elephants, they usually mean females - it has long been known that they live in communities led by old and experienced female matriarchs. They help the rest to find water and food, choose safe routes during transitions from place to place, etc. However, male elephants also form groups: most of the males in such groups are quite young, although there are older individuals among them. We have already written about the fact that the older the male, the more likely it is that he will lead his comrades across the savannah, showing them where it is better to look for food and water. As you can see, adult males are important not only for the survival of the group, but also for psychological comfort.

The problem is that because of their tusks, old elephants often become prey for poachers. Left without leaders, juvenile elephants are more likely to run amok, and this is another reason to further tighten conservation measures aimed at protecting elephants and their habitats.

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