Instruction on labor protection for the personnel of the boiler room

Free technical library

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Instruction on labor protection for the personnel of the boiler room. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Comments on the article

Safe Operation

1. Introduction

1.1. This Instruction regulates the basic safety requirements when working in boiler rooms.

1.2. The boiler room personnel (engineer, fireman, operator, hereinafter referred to as the driver) must comply with the requirements of the instructions developed on the basis of this one and the instructions developed taking into account the requirements set forth in the standard labor protection instructions:

Noticing a violation of safety requirements by another employee, the driver must warn him of the need to comply with them.

The driver must also follow the instructions of the representative of the joint committee (commission) for labor protection or the authorized (trusted) person for labor protection of the trade union committee.

The driver must know and be able to provide first aid to the victim in accordance with "Instructions for providing first aid in case of accidents"

The driver should not start performing one-time work that is not related to his direct duties in the specialty, without receiving targeted instruction.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed an introductory briefing and primary briefing at the workplace on labor protection, trained in safe working methods and having an appropriate certificate are allowed to work independently in the boiler room.

2.2. A driver who has not passed a timely re-instruction on labor protection (at least 1 time in 3 months) and an annual test of knowledge on labor safety should not start work.

2.3. Upon admission to work, the boiler operator must undergo a preliminary medical examination, and then periodic medical examinations within the time limits established by the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of Russia.

2.4. The boiler operator is obliged to comply with the internal labor regulations adopted at the enterprise.

2.5. The working hours of the boiler room operator should not exceed 40 hours per week.

The duration of daily work (shift) is determined by the internal labor regulations or shift schedule, approved by the employer in agreement with the trade union committee.

2.6. The boiler operator must be aware that the most dangerous and harmful factors that may affect him in the process of work are: steam; equipment; harmful gases and dust.

2.6.1. Equipment (boilers). Improper use can build up pressure and cause an explosion, resulting in injury (burns).

2.6.2. Harmful gases and dust are released during the combustion of fuel in boilers (especially coal and peat).

The main harmful gases are: carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, etc., as well as coal dust. Getting together with inhaled air into the human body, gases can lead to poisoning, and dust particles can damage the upper respiratory tract.

2.7. The boiler operator must use the tools and devices that he has been trained and instructed in handling.

2.8. The boiler operator must work in special clothing and use other personal protective equipment.

2.9. In accordance with the standard industry standards for the free issuance of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment, the boiler operator is issued:

when operating a boiler house on solid mineral fuel:
with mechanical loading:
cotton suit;
combined gloves;
goggles;
when loading manually:
cotton suit with flame retardant impregnation;
leather boots;
combined gloves;
goggles;
when working on wood and other types of fuel:
cotton apron;
combined gloves.

2.10. The boiler operator must comply with fire safety rules, be able to use fire extinguishing equipment. Smoking is allowed only in designated areas.

2.11. The boiler operator must not leave a working boiler unattended during work.

2.12. The boiler operator must immediately inform his immediate supervisor about malfunctions of equipment, fixtures and tools, as well as personal protective equipment and other violations of safety requirements and not start work until they are eliminated.

2.13. The boiler operator must observe the rules of personal hygiene. Wash hands with soap and water before eating, smoking and at the end of work.

2.14. For non-compliance with the requirements of the instructions developed on the basis of this and specified in clause 1.2, the boiler operator is liable in accordance with applicable law.

3. Safety requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work, the boiler operator must:

3.1.1. Take duty.

3.1.2. Wear personal protective equipment.

3.1.3. Check the serviceability of the serviced boilers and equipment, the presence and serviceability of emergency lighting and alarms, instrument readings and make an entry about this in the duty acceptance and delivery log.

4. Safety requirements during work

4.1. When preparing the boiler for kindling, the boiler operator must check:

serviceability of the furnace and gas ducts, locking and control devices;
serviceability of control and measuring instruments, fittings, power devices, fans, as well as the presence of natural draft;
serviceability of fuel combustion equipment;
filling the boiler with water;
whether the water level in the boiler is maintained and whether there is water leakage through connections, flanges, hatches and fittings;
whether there are plugs before and after the safety valves, on steam, oil and gas pipelines, on the supply drain and purge lines.

Before kindling the boiler, ventilate the furnace for 10 - 15 minutes.

4.2. In preparation for kindling a gas-fired boiler, additionally:

check the serviceability of the gas pipeline and the valves and valves installed on it (all shut-off valves on the gas pipelines must be closed, and the valves on the purge gas pipelines must be open);
blow the gas pipeline through the purge candle, gradually opening the valve on the branch of the gas pipeline to the boiler, make sure that there is no explosive mixture in the gas pipeline (with a gas analyzer), then close the candle;
make sure that there is no gas leakage from the gas pipeline and gas equipment and fittings by washing them. The use of open fire for this purpose is prohibited;
check the gas pressure on the pressure gauge;
adjust the draft of the melted boiler by setting the vacuum in the furnace to 2 - 3 mm of water column.

4.3. By igniting the gas in the burner with an igniter, slowly opening the valve, start the air supply, then increase the gas and air supply.

If the igniter goes out before the burner is ignited, it is necessary to immediately shut off the gas supply, remove the igniter, ventilate the furnace and gas ducts for 10-15 minutes, and only then proceed to re-ignite the burner.

If the lit burner goes out during ignition, it is also necessary to shut off the gas supply, ventilate the furnace and gas ducts for 10 - 15 minutes, and then proceed to re-ignite the burner.

4.4. Before firing up a boiler fired with liquid fuel, the temperature of the fuel must be brought to the value specified in the instructions.

4.5. It is forbidden for the boiler operator to ignite extinguished gas in the furnace without preliminary ventilation of the furnace and gas ducts.

4.6. When lighting a boiler running on liquid fuel, the driver must:

when steam spraying liquid fuel, introduce a lit kindling torch into the furnace, then supply steam to the nozzle, and then fuel;
when mechanically spraying fuel oil, introduce a lit kindling torch, turn on the automatic ignition, slowly opening the valve, feed fuel oil into the furnace;
after ignition of fuel oil, adjust combustion;
the kindling torch should be removed from the furnace only when the combustion becomes stable;
close the safety valve or air valve and open the purge valve if steam comes out of the open safety valve or valve.

4.7. Before putting the boiler into operation, the boiler operator must:

checking the correct operation of safety valves, water-indicating instruments, pressure gauges and feeding devices;
checking the readings of reduced water level indicators against direct action water level indicators;
checking and switching on safety automation, signaling devices and automatic boiler control equipment;
boiler purge.

4.8. During operation of the boiler, the operator must:

maintain a normal water level in the boiler, while the water level must not be allowed to fall below the permissible lower level or rise above the permissible upper level; maintain normal steam pressure;
maintain the normal temperature of superheated steam, as well as feed water;
maintain the normal operation of the burners (nozzles);
at least once per shift, check the serviceability of the pressure gauge by purging with a three-way valve;
check by blowing the serviceability of water-indicating instruments and safety valves within the time limits specified in the boiler operating instructions;
keep the boiler doors closed;
stop blowing the boiler if during it the gases are knocked out through the hatches.

4.9. The boiler operator is prohibited from:

jam or additionally load safety valves;
continue the operation of the boiler with faulty or unadjusted safety valves;
to blow the boiler in case of detection of malfunctions of the blowing fittings and the boiler;
open and close fittings with hammer blows or other objects;
use flammable liquids to kindle a solid fuel boiler;
during the operation of the boiler, caulk the seams, weld the elements of the boiler, etc.;
be near slag gates when they are opened;
stand against the doors of the boiler when it is blown;
leave a working boiler, even for a short time, without supervision and allow unauthorized persons into the boiler room;
clutter up the boiler room with foreign materials and objects.

4.10. Stopping the boiler in all cases, except for an emergency stop, should be carried out only after receiving an order from the administration of the enterprise.

4.11. When stopping the boiler, the driver must:

maintain the water level in the boiler above the average working position;
stop the supply of fuel to the furnace; disconnect the boiler from the steam pipelines after the complete cessation of combustion in the furnace, in the presence of a superheater, open the purge; if, after turning off the boiler, the pressure in the boiler rises, it is necessary to increase the blowdown;
to cool the elements of the boiler to +25 degrees. C or below and drain the water.

4.12. When stopping a solid fuel boiler, the driver must:

burn the remaining fuel with reduced blowing and thrust;
stop blowing and reduce thrust;
clean the furnace and bunker;
stop the draft by closing the smoke damper, furnace and blower doors.

4.13. When stopping a gas-fired boiler, the driver must:

reduce and then completely stop the gas supply to the burners, and then the air (with injection burners, first air, and then gas);
open the purge candle on the outlet and ventilate the furnace and gas ducts.

4.14. When stopping a boiler operating on liquid fuel, the driver must:

close the fuel supply to the nozzle;
stop the supply of steam or air;
ventilate the furnace, gas ducts, then close the blast and draft.

4.15. Work related to the presence of people inside the boiler can only be carried out with the written permission (by order - admission) of the head of the boiler room or the person who is responsible for the safe operation of the boilers, with the adoption of the necessary security measures and an entry in the duty log.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. The boiler operator must immediately stop the boiler (emergency) and notify the employer if:

more than 50% of safety valves or devices replacing them have ceased to operate;
the pressure in the boiler has increased by more than 10% against the permissible one and continues to grow, despite the interruption of the fuel supply, a decrease in draft and blast, and increased water supply;
there was a water leak from the boiler; make-up of the boiler with water is prohibited;
the water level drops rapidly, despite the increased supply of water to the boiler;
the water level has risen above the permissible level and it is not possible to lower it by blowing the boiler;
all nutritional devices have been discontinued; the operation of all water-indicating devices has been discontinued;
in the main elements of the boiler (drum, collector, chamber, flame tube, fire box, furnace casing, tube sheet, external separator, steam pipeline) cracks, swelling, gaps in welds, breaks in two or more adjacent bonds were found;
gas contamination of a gas-fired boiler house was detected;
there was an explosion of the gas-air mixture in the boiler furnace or gas ducts;
the supply of electricity with artificial traction is interrupted;
there was a fire in the boiler room.

5.2. In the event of an emergency shutdown of the boiler, the driver must:

stop the supply of fuel and air, sharply reduce traction;
quickly remove the burning fuel from the furnace, in exceptional cases, if it is impossible to do this, fill the burning solid fuel with water, making sure that the water jet does not hit the boiler walls and lining;
after the cessation of combustion, open the smoke damper and furnace doors;
disconnect the boiler from the steam pipeline;
release steam through raised safety valves or safety valve.

5.3. In the event of a fire in the boiler room, the driver must:

immediately call the fire brigade, inform the employer about this and take measures to extinguish fires;
immediately turn off the gas pipeline of the gas boiler house using a valve installed outdoors;
if the fire in the boiler room cannot be quickly eliminated, stop the boilers in an emergency, intensively feeding them with water and releasing steam;
when the boiler stops due to soot fire or fuel entrainment, immediately stop the supply of fuel and air to the furnace, shut off the draft by stopping the smoke exhausters and fans and completely close the air and gas dampers.

5.4. About each accident, of which he was an eyewitness, the boiler operator must immediately inform the employer, and provide the victim with first aid, call a doctor, help deliver the victim to a health center or the nearest medical facility.

If the accident occurred with the boiler operator himself, he should, if possible, contact the health center, report the incident to the employer or ask someone around to do it.

6. Safety requirements upon completion of work

6.1. Upon completion of work, the driver must:

6.1.1. Pass the duty on the boiler room, making a note in the journal.

6.1.2. Remove personal protective equipment and put them in the place intended for them. Timely hand over special clothing and other personal protective equipment for dry cleaning (washing) and repair.

6.1.3. Wash your hands with soap and take a shower.

6.1.4. Notify your immediate supervisor of any deficiencies discovered during work.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Administrative and managerial personnel, engineering and technical personnel, junior service personnel. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Relocation attendant. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Wardrobe attendant. Standard instruction on labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Vulnerability of Empires 18.12.2023

Scientists from the universities of Wageningen (Netherlands), Cambridge, Exeter (UK) and Washington State (USA) conducted a study on the question of the existence of patterns in the dynamics of the destruction of empires or societies. The study's findings, published in the journal PNAS, point to the importance of domestic factors in the context of states' vulnerability to collapse.

Domestic political processes play a key role in states' vulnerability to collapse. Understanding these patterns can help develop more effective strategies for managing and preventing potential crises in modern societies.

Professor Tim Kohler from the University of Washington, one of the authors of the study, emphasized that despite the influence of external factors such as natural disasters, their role is usually a trigger that activates the internal dynamics of the state.

Scientists analyzed the history of 324 ancient states, spanning five millennia. This approach, usually used to study the risk of death in aging people, was used for the first time to study the probability of the collapse of societies. The results showed that the risk of state collapse increases sharply in the first two centuries after their formation, after which it stabilizes. This allows some societies to last much longer than others.

This pattern has been identified both in the history of European societies of the modern era, and in the early civilizations of North and South America, as well as in the Chinese dynasties. For example, the ancient dynasties of China had a life expectancy limit of about 300 years over two millennia.

Researchers believe that despite significant differences between modern and ancient societies, the former may be subject to the same mechanisms that have influenced states for millennia. The social injustice, scarcity and extreme climate challenges that destabilized ancient societies can still cause discontent and violence in modern times.

Other interesting news:

▪ Hard drives won't go down in price for a long time

▪ Industrial fanless PC fits in the palm of your hand

▪ Razer Streaming Kit

▪ Solar-wind farm to be America's tallest structure

▪ Census in the ocean

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Car. Article selection

▪ article Klyuchevsky Vasily Osipovich. Famous aphorisms

▪ article How long are the orbital periods of binary stars? Detailed answer

▪ article Head of the bank collection service. Job description