Occupational safety instructions for a car painter

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Occupational safety instructions for car painters. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General provisions

1.1. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise.

1.2. The instruction was developed on the basis of DNAOP 0.00-8.03-93 "Procedure for the development and approval by the owner of labor protection regulations in force at the enterprise", DNAOP 0.00-4.15-98 "Regulations on the development of labor protection instructions", DNAOP 0.00-4.12-99 " Standard regulation on training on labor protection", DNAOP 0.00-1.28-97 "Rules for labor protection in road transport", NAPB A.01.001-95 "Fire safety rules in Ukraine".

1.3. The instruction is valid for 3 years from the date of approval.

1.4. According to these instructions, a car painter (hereinafter referred to as the painter) is instructed before starting work at the enterprise (initial instruction), and then every 3 months (repeated instruction).

The results of the briefing are entered into the "Logbook of registration of briefings on labor protection issues." The log after the instruction must contain the signatures of the instructor and the painter.

1.5. The owner must insure the painter against accidents and occupational diseases. In case of damage to health due to the fault of the owner, he (the painter) has the right to compensation for the harm caused to him.

1.6. For failure to comply with this instruction, the painter bears disciplinary, financial, administrative and criminal liability.

1.7. Persons at least 18 years of age who have the appropriate qualifications, have undergone a medical examination, induction training in labor safety, workplace training and fire safety training are allowed to perform the duties of a car painter.

1.8. The painter must:

1.8.1. Comply with internal labor regulations.

1.8.2. Use overalls and personal protective equipment.

1.8.3. Perform only the work that is assigned by the work manager and in which he is instructed.

1.8.4. Do not allow unauthorized persons to enter the workplace.

1.8.5. Remember personal responsibility for the implementation of labor protection rules and responsibility for workmates.

1.8.6. Know how to use fire extinguishers.

1.8.7. Know how to provide first aid to victims of accidents.

1.8.8. Do not clutter up the workplace, aisles, approaches, etc.

1.9. The main harmful and dangerous production factors that affect the painter:

1.9.1. Workplace clutter.

1.9.2. Wrong position of the car during painting.

1.9.3. Lack of special devices, tools and equipment to carry out work in accordance with accepted technology.

1.9.4. Increased gas content in the air of the working area.

1.9.5. Increased air temperature in the working area.

1.9.6. Increased noise and vibration levels in the workplace.

1.9.7. Insufficient illumination of the working area.

1.9.8. Harmful components in the composition of the applied materials.

1.9.9. Thermal factors (fires, explosions).

1.9.10. Falls of workers from a height (platforms, ladders, stepladders, etc.).

1.9.11. Falling parts, components, assemblies.

1.9.12. Presence of harmful substances in the air of the working area (xylene, toluene, acetone, white spirit, etc.).

1.10. The painter is provided with special clothing: cotton overalls, leather boots, combined mittens, a cotton helmet, a respirator, and goggles.

1.11. Workplaces where harmful vapors and gases are emitted during work (painting booths, baths, manual painting stations, drying chambers, stations and units for cleaning and preparing the surface for painting, etc.) must be equipped with local ventilation.

1.12. The floors of painting areas must be made of non-flammable materials that allow easy cleaning and do not produce sparks upon impact.

1.13. The paint preparation area should be located in an isolated room made of non-combustible enclosing structures near the external wall of a one-story building with independent exit to the outside.

1.14. Electrical equipment and lamps in painting areas must be explosion-proof.

Electric starting devices must be installed outside painting and drying booths.

1.15. It is prohibited to use paints and solvents of unknown composition. All paint and varnish materials supplied to the enterprise can only be used if there is a passport indicating their chemical composition.

1.16. In places where paints, enamels, varnishes, primers, solvents and thinners are stored, each container must have a tag or sticker with the exact name of the paint and varnish material.

1.17. Paints and varnishes, powder polymer paints, solvents, thinners, hardeners, semi-finished products for the preparation of detergents, degreasing and polishing mixtures should be stored in warehouses located in separate buildings (blocks of warehouse buildings), or in underground storage facilities (for solvents), equipped with forced ventilation and means of fire fighting equipment. Reacting substances should be stored separately. Premises for storing paint and varnish materials must be equipped with shelving or closed metal cabinets.

1.18. At the painting area, the supply of paint and varnish materials should not exceed the replacement requirement necessary for work, and should be stored in hermetically sealed containers.

1.19. The handles of painting tools (spatulas, brushes, knives) must be cleaned with a wet method every day after finishing work.

1.20. The internal surfaces of the walls of painting rooms to a height of at least 2 m must be lined with non-flammable material that can be easily cleaned from contamination.

1.21. Paint booths must be cleaned of settled paint as it accumulates, but at least once a week, after the end of the shift and with ventilation running. Separators must be cleaned as they become dirty, but no less than after 160 hours of operation of the spray booth.

1.22. To make it easier to clean the chambers from settled paint, their walls should be coated with a thin layer of grease. When cleaning the surface from deposits, do not hit metal structures.

1.23. The premises of the dyeing and paint preparation areas must be equipped with independent forced supply and exhaust ventilation and a system of local suction from painting chambers, immersion baths, dousing installations, manual painting stations, drying chambers, etc. It is prohibited to carry out painting when the ventilation system is turned off: a protective interlock should be provided to prevent the supply of materials (or compressed air) to the spraying devices in the event of a ventilation interruption. Exhaust ventilation installations in painting rooms must have an audible or light alarm indicating that their operation has ceased.

1.24. Fans of exhaust systems for painting areas, painting and drying equipment should be used in an explosion-proof design.

1.25. If different paint and varnish materials (nitrocellulose, oil-based, etc.) are used in one chamber, before changing paint, the chamber must be carefully cleaned of settled paint of a different type.

1.26. The dimensions of the spray booths should provide a convenient approach for workers to the vehicle being painted. The passage between the chamber wall and the car being painted must be at least 1,2 m wide.

1.27. The movement of vehicles to the painting booths should be carried out using conveyors, carts, etc., which exclude the movement of vehicles under their own power.

1.28. Painting and drying chambers, jetting, immersion installations, etc., as well as tubeless painting areas on the grid must be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing systems (carbon dioxide, foam, powder, etc.).

1.29. Air sucked from spray painting areas (chambers, booths, floor grates) must be cleaned of particles of flammable paints and varnishes using hydrofilters (“wet method”) or other effective cleaning methods.

1.30. When spray painting, spray paint tanks should be located outside the paint booths. Spray guns must be grounded.

1.31. In the case of painting products by immersion, baths with a capacity of up to 0,5 m3 are equipped with side suction and lids that close the bath during breaks in work. Baths with a capacity of more than 0,5 m3 must have a special enclosure equipped with exhaust ventilation to ensure dilution of the vapors of the released solvent to concentrations not exceeding 20% of the lower limit of the explosive concentration.

1.32. Drying chambers should be thermally insulated with non-flammable materials (the temperature of the outer surface of the walls should not exceed 45°C). Heating devices must be protected from drops of paint and varnish material.

1.33. The room for painting work is equipped with automatic alarms that warn of dangerous concentrations of solvents in the air.

1.34. Not allowed:

1.34.1. Carry out any work in the paint preparation department other than preparing paint.

1.34.2. Combine with a common exhaust system local air suctions from painting chambers, immersion baths and other technological painting equipment, as well as ventilation systems of painting rooms and paint preparation departments (with each other and with the ventilation systems of other industries).

1.34.3. Clutter the paint preparation departments and spray booths with cans, buckets of paint and solvents, cleaning materials, etc.

1.34.4. Leave running painting equipment unattended.

1.34.5. Prepare paints and varnishes directly at the workplace.

1.34.6. Use paints and solvents of unknown composition, as well as substances and materials that do not have fire hazard characteristics.

1.35. It is prohibited to store food or eat food in painting and paint preparation areas.

1.36. Hot work (welding, etc.) is allowed to be carried out at a distance of at least 15 m from the open openings of painting and drying chambers. The place where welding work is carried out should be protected with a protective screen.

1.37. Empty containers for paints and varnishes must be tightly closed and stored in specially designated areas.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Wear overalls and personal protective equipment.

2.2. Turn on the supply and exhaust ventilation.

2.3. Prepare a workplace, necessary devices, equipment, paints and varnishes.

2.4. When painting with a spray gun, you should first check the serviceability of the hoses, paint injection tank, oil separator, paint spray gun, pressure gauge, and safety valve.

2.5. Check the electrical equipment of the painting and drying chambers.

2.6. Before painting and especially drying a gas-cylinder car, it is necessary to completely release (drain) the gas from the cylinders at the release (drain) post, and blow the cylinders with compressed air or nitrogen until the remaining gas is completely removed.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Before painting cars, you must make sure that the terminal is disconnected from the battery and the engine is stopped.

3.2. It is forbidden for unauthorized persons to be in the painting room.

3.3. When working with a spray gun, the air hoses at the connection points must be securely fastened to prevent them from being torn off by the pressure of compressed air.

3.4. Disconnecting the hoses of pneumatic paint sprayers is only permitted after the air supply has been cut off. It is prohibited to raise the pressure in the paint injection tank above the working pressure.

3.5. To prevent excessive fogging and to reduce contamination of the working area with aerosols, vapors of paints and varnishes when painting with a spray gun, the spray gun should be held perpendicular to the surface to be painted at a distance of no more than 350 mm from it.

3.6. It is prohibited to use enamels, paints, primers and other materials containing lead compounds for spray painting. In exceptional cases, their use is possible only with the permission of sanitary control authorities.

3.7. Paints and varnishes containing dichloroethane and methanol may only be used when painting with a brush.

3.8. Particular care should be taken when working with nitro paints, as they easily flare up, and solvent vapors, mixing with air, form explosive mixtures.

3.9. It is prohibited to spray paint near the place where electric and gas welding work is being carried out, to use an open fire, or to smoke in the car painting room or near the place where the painting work is being carried out.

3.10. When painting the bodies of vans and buses, cabins, large containers and at a height of more than 1 m, it is necessary to use firmly installed platforms with railings, portable or mobile stepladders.

3.11. At least two workers (painters) must take part in the work.

3.12. It is not allowed to climb the ladder with a load (paint).

3.13. Painting the middle of the body of a bus, van, etc. must be done with the door, windows, and hatches open.

3.14. To avoid contamination of the floor and equipment with paints and varnishes, they must be poured from one container to another on metal pallets with sides at least 50 mm high. When mixing paints and solvents, wear a respirator and protective eyepieces.

3.15. Paint and solvent spilled on the floor must be immediately cleaned up using dry sand or sawdust and removed from the room.

3.16. It is forbidden to use benzene and leaded gasoline as solvents.

3.17. Removing old paint using chemical materials is only permitted while wearing rubber gloves.

3.18. It is prohibited to carry out painting work outside the painting room or in production areas.

3.19. Containers containing paints and varnishes should be cleaned with soft scrapers and brushes (copper or aluminum) and washed with a solvent.

3.20. When performing painting work and processing, it is prohibited:

3.20.1. Carry out work with paints and varnishes and solvents without the use of personal protective equipment (working clothing, respirators, safety glasses, etc.).

3.20.2. Use open flames (matches, blowtorches, carry out welding work, etc.), smoke in painting areas, in areas where paints and solvents are stored, as well as in areas where empty containers for paints and solvents are stored.

3.20.3. Use paints and varnishes (paints, solvents, etc.) of unknown composition.

3.20.4. Perform work with disconnected or faulty ventilation.

3.20.5. Use tools that produce sparks when struck and power tools.

3.20.6. Keep flammable liquids in an open container.

3.20.7. Store empty paint and solvent containers in work areas. To store empty containers, it is necessary to allocate a special room (warehouse) or an outdoor area at a distance of at least 25 m from it.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. Disconnect equipment from the power supply.

4.2. Remove work area. Place devices and equipment in the designated place.

4.3. After use, place wiping ends, cotton wool, etc. in a metal box with a lid and take it to a specially designated place.

4.4. Clean the spray guns and hoses and rinse them to remove paint residues.

4.5. Wash your hands thoroughly with a brush and soap and warm water. Take a shower if possible.

4.6. After working with paints that contain lead compounds, you must first wash your hands with a 1% solution of soda ash, wash your hands with alizarin soap, then wash your face with warm water, rinse your mouth and brush your teeth.

4.7. Report to the head of work on all the shortcomings that occurred during work.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. Immediately stop work, turn off the power, and do not allow unauthorized persons into the danger zone.

5.2. Report what happened to the supervisor.

5.3. If there are victims, provide them with first aid and, if necessary, call an ambulance.

5.4. Providing first aid.

5.4.1. Providing first aid in case of electric shock.

In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.

If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state, the revival must begin immediately, and then call an "ambulance".

5.4.2. First aid for injury.

To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage.

If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds.

5.4.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks.

In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.

In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.

If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.

In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.

5.4.4. First aid for burns with acids and alkalis.

If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly rinsed with water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burned with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or a solution of acetic acid .

In case of contact with the mucous membrane of the eyes of acid or alkali, it is necessary to rinse the eyes thoroughly with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, wash them with a 2% solution of baking soda, and burnt alkali with a 3% solution of boric acid or a 3% solution of acetic acid. acids.

In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, for acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda.

If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe with a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray bottle, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid.

5.4.5. First aid for thermal burns.

In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage.

For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol.

For second-degree burns (blisters), the burned area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution.

For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile dressing and a doctor is called.

5.4.6. First aid for bleeding.

In order to stop bleeding, you must:

raise the injured limb up;
close the bleeding wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure);
in case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.

5.4.7. First aid for poisoning.

In case of gas poisoning, headache, "knocking in the temples", "ringing in the ears", general weakness, unconsciousness, palpitations, nausea, vomiting appear. With severe poisoning, drowsiness, apathy, indifference appear, and with severe poisoning - excited breathing, dilated pupils.

In case of all poisoning, the victim should be immediately removed or taken out of the gassed area, unbuttoned clothing that interferes with breathing, provide fresh air, lay the victim with his legs up, rub the body, cover it warmer, give ammonia to smell.

When breathing stops, begin artificial respiration.

In all cases of gas poisoning, it is necessary to give the victim to drink as much milk as possible.

5.5. If a fire occurs, start extinguishing with the available fire extinguishing equipment. If necessary, call the fire department.

5.6. Follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the emergency.

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