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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection for the cable-splicer. Full Document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General safety requirements 1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical commission and have no contraindications to work with such products, who have been trained and passed a knowledge test by the commission of the enterprise, and who have been instructed at the workplace, are allowed to work as a cable splicer. 1.2. Soldering small items with alloys containing lead is carried out at a temperature of + 180-350°C manually using an electric soldering iron, on machines of various designs, by dipping (tinning) and wave soldering. 1.3. Lead alloys of various grades are used for the soldering operation. The most common grades are POS-40 (40% tin and 60% lead) and POS-60 (60% tin and 40% lead). As a flux, rosin or rosin with stearin is used. 1.4. The soldering process may be accompanied by air pollution with lead aerosols. There may also be lead contamination of working surfaces and the skin of workers' hands, as well as adverse meteorological conditions (low air temperature, rain, snow), insufficient illumination of the workplace, work in electrical installations without removing and with partial removal of voltage, work on scaffolds, scaffolding, stairs, work on the territory of an existing enterprise. 1.5. Work on cable lines is prohibited:
1.6. Soldering personnel should be provided with overalls and other PPE, in accordance with industry standards. 1.7. For workers performing soldering work, the composition of special household premises and their arrangement should be taken in accordance with SNiP II-MZ-68. 1.8. Storage of street, home and work clothes in dressing rooms should be separate. 1.9. In addition to the washroom, washbasins should also be provided in rooms or areas designated for smoking, eating rooms and production areas. Wash basins must have an uninterrupted supply of hot and cold water during all shifts during which soldering is performed. 1.10. Washbasins, regardless of their location, should be provided with tanks with a 1% solution of acetic acid for preliminary washing of hands and easily washed portable containers for cleaning material. 1.11. Soldering work must be carried out by workers in overalls provided for this purpose. 1.12. Before eating and smoking, be sure to wash your hands and rinse your mouth. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on the prescribed overalls, shoes and prepare other PPE. 2.2. Prepare and lay out tools, fixtures, solder. 2.3. Free the passages, the workplace from foreign objects. 2.4. When carrying out work on the carriageway, fences are installed towards traffic at a distance of 2 m from the pit or hatch, well. in addition, at a distance of 10-15 m from the fence towards traffic, warning signs should be installed. in case of poor visibility, warning lights should be installed. 2.5. Before starting work in underground structures that are not equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation, it is necessary to check the air for the presence of methane, the presence of gas must be checked in the well where the work will be carried out and in two adjacent to it. 2.6. Opening the cover of the underground viewing device should be done with a tool that does not produce sparks, avoiding impacts on the neck of the hatch. 2.7. Before starting work, underground structures must be ventilated, as well as 2 wells adjacent to it. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1 When working in underground wells, it should be carried out by a team of at least 2 people, with a work permit. At the same time, a warning sign is installed at the open hatch of the well or a fence is made. 3.2. An air examination must be carried out every hour of work in the well; if gases are found in the well, work must be suspended and reported to the work manager. 3.3. To avoid an emergency, do not:
3.4. To descend into the well and rise from it should be on a stably installed ladder. The worker descending into the well must be provided; helmet, life belt, overalls. 3.5. Near the well in which work is being carried out, for one worker there should be two insurers who must immediately provide assistance in case of loss of consciousness of the worker in the well. 3.6. When working in wells, it is possible to kindle blowtorches, install propane cylinders, heat mastic and solder only outside the well. The solder should be lowered into the well and the heated mastic should be in closed vessels installed in a bucket lowered on a rope to the bottom of the well. 3.7. All cable splicers must be notified against receipt of the presence in their area of work of cables with remote power or wire broadcasting, the voltage of which is life-threatening. These cables, through which remote power is supplied, are marked in the form of red stripes 20-25 cm wide, every 100-150 m. 3.8. Cables with remote power not removed must be protected by shields of insulating material when working near them in order to avoid damage. 3.9. Work in the collectors is carried out according to the permit and the presence of a written opinion on the absence of explosive gases in the collector. 3.10. Entrance to and exit from the manifold is permitted only through the control room. If necessary, the hatches of the collector can be opened only with the permission of the duty personnel of the collector. Fences are installed near open hatches and an attendant is posted while the hatch is open. 3.11. When working with a blowtorch or a gas burner in wells, every 30 minutes the lamp or burner should be brought to the surface and the well ventilated. 3.12. When working in sewers and tunnels, two doors must be open so that workers are between them. 3.13. To illuminate underground viewing devices, portable electric lamps with a voltage of not more than 12 V, made in an explosion-proof design, should be used. Electric lamps must be connected through a step-down transformer. The wires of portable lamps should not touch hot pipes. 3.14. All openings in the ceilings and walls between the shafts and the cross through which the cable passes must be sealed with resin tow, upholstered on both sides with sheet iron. 3.15. When working in the collector, in order to avoid emergency situations and accidents, you should not: a) get up and sit down on electric cables, as well as touch the sheaths of high-voltage cables and hot pipelines; b) shift the cables of the power supply system; c) leave at the end of work garbage, flammable materials; d) smoke, light matches; d) light a blowtorch. Working with a blowtorch 3.16. The use of a blowtorch is only allowed after it has been established by means of a gas analyzer that there are no explosive gases. 3.17. Blowtorches should be kindled outside underground structures on the surface of the earth, at a distance of at least 2 m from the well. 3.18. Solder the blowtorch only with the flammable liquid for which it is intended. Installation of lead sheathed cables 3.19. During the installation of the couplings, the cores of cables with paper insulation are scalded with cable mass of the MKP type at a temperature of 120 ° C. The mass is heated in a welded metal kettle mounted on a brazier. 3.20. The scalded cores of electrical cables are tied up in one or two places with a calico tape and placed over a baking sheet made of sheet steel. The core is poured from steel with cable mass from the sheath of the ends of the cable. Proshpark produce until the cessation of foam and bubbles. 3.21. The mass or solder is heated outside the well at a distance of at least 2 m. 3.22. Warming up, pouring and scalding with cable mass should be done in canvas gloves and goggles. The sleeves of the garment must be tied at the wrist over the mitten. 3.23. Transfer vessels with heated solder or cable mass not from hand to hand, but with placement on the ground. 3.24. When scalding the ends of the cable and installing lead sleeves, the fan must operate continuously. 3.25. The casting mass, type MKB, is heated to a temperature of 110°C. with all precautions. Welding plastic sheathed cables 3.26. During the restoration of the plastic sheath of the cable, local suction of the emitted harmful gases must be provided, directly at the welding site. 3.27. During the welding of the cable, every 30 minutes you should take a break to ventilate the well for 15-20 minutes. Installation of cable sleeves with gas-tight epoxy compound 3.28. Installation work using an adhesive based on epoxy resins is carried out outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. 3.29. Places of contamination of hands with epoxy glue components must be wiped with a cotton swab moistened with acetone and then washed with soap and water. 3.30. If acetone gets into the eyes, rinse them with plenty of water and consult a doctor. Unwinding and laying the cable in the trench 3.31. When laying the cable manually, each worker must have a cable section weighing no more than 30 kg. When manually unwinding the cable, the goats-jacks on which the drum with the cable is installed must be securely fastened. 3.32. It is allowed to leave unfilled trenches at night only if there are fences and light signals. The use of bituminous compounds in the installation of cables 3.33. When heating bituminous compounds for pouring couplings, use a bucket with a spout and a lid or a metal welded kettle with a lid. 3.34. Work on heating bituminous compounds and pouring couplings should be carried out in goggles and sleeves of overalls buttoned on top of the mittens. 3.35. When the compound ignites, it is necessary to stop heating, remove the open fire, cover the kettle with a lid; spilled ignited compound should be extinguished only with a fire extinguisher or dry sand. 3.36. The kettle with the heated compound should be lowered into the pit in a soldering bucket. Installation of distribution cable cabinets 3.37. Indoors, they must be installed and fastened to the floor or wall in accordance with the working drawings. 3.38. The distance from electrical equipment or gas pipelines to the distribution cabinet must be at least 0,5 m. The cabinet must be grounded. 3.39. The inlet to the cabinet must be closed with a cabinet board, sealed with a cable or rags and filled with bitumen. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. In the event of accidents or situations at the site that can lead to accidents and accidents, suspend work, remove people from the danger zone, disconnect the equipment used in the work from the mains, take measures to eliminate the accident, inform the work manager. 4.2. In case of fire or fire, immediately inform the fire department by phone 01, notify the work manager and start extinguishing the fire with primary fire extinguishing equipment. 4.3. In case of lead aerosol poisoning (headache, nausea, dizziness), the victim must be taken to a warm, well-ventilated area and given warm milk to drink. Call an ambulance. In case of loss of consciousness, give ammonia to sniff. It is advisable to lay the victim in a horizontal position until the arrival of an ambulance. 4.4. In case of an accident, it is necessary to descend into the well (if gas enters there in a gas mask. The end of the hose should be kept away from the hatch no closer than two meters on the windward side, while using open fire is prohibited). 4.5. In the event of an accident in the collector, when the possibility of exit through the control room is excluded, it is allowed to remove the seal and leave the collector through the emergency exit, immediately informing the staff on duty. 4.6. About victims of injury, poisoning, sudden illness, it is necessary to immediately notify the person responsible for the production of work and take urgent measures to provide medical assistance. 5. Safety requirements at the end of work 5.1. Tidy up the workplace. 5.2. Upon completion of work in the wells, check whether all channels are securely sealed. 5.3. Upon completion of work in the collector, call the duty officer and together with him inspect the collector and the place of work. 5.4. Close the hatches of underground devices. 5.5. Clean the tool from dust, dirt and put it in the designated place. 5.6. Wash your hands, face with soap and, if possible, take a shower. 5.7. Inform the person responsible for the performance of the work about all the shortcomings noticed during the work and the measures taken to eliminate them.
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