Hospital pediatrics. Systemic vasculitis in children (most important)

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Hospital pediatrics. Systemic vasculitis in children (most important)

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16. Systemic vasculitis in children

Microscopic polyangiitis (microscopic polyarteritis) - necrotizing vasculitis with little or no immune deposits, with a predominant lesion of small vessels.

Clinic. The clinical picture is dominated by symptoms of glomerulonephritis and pulmonary capillaritis.

Churg-Strauss syndrome is a granulomatous inflammation involving the respiratory tract associated with asthma and eosinophilia, and necrotizing vasculitis affecting small to medium vessels.

Wegener's granulomatosis is a granulomatous inflammation of the respiratory tract, necrotizing vasculitis of small and medium-sized vessels, usually associated with necrotizing glomerulonephritis.

There are three forms: localized, transitional, generalized. Laboratory criteria: ESR acceleration, leukocytosis, hypergammaglobulinemia.

Diagnosis criteria.

1. Ulcerative-necrotic lesion of the upper respiratory tract.

2. Progressive areas of necrosis of ENT organs with cartilage destruction.

3. Involvement of the eye orbit.

4. A large number of eosinophils, granulomas in the biopsy of the nasal mucosa, septum, palate.

Behçet's disease

Behçet's disease is a vasculitis that affects small to medium-sized arteries and presents with a clinical triad of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, necrotizing ulcers of the genital organs, and eye involvement.

Diagnostic criteria. Recurrent oral ulcer (at least 3 times during the year): minor aphthae, major aphthae, herpetiform rash. Also two of the following signs: recurrent genital ulcers, eye damage (anterior, posterior uveitis). Skin lesions (erythema nodosum, pseudopholliculitis, papulopustular inflammation, acneiform nodules). Formation of pustules at injection sites.

Author: Pavlova N.V.

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