What is an antidote? Detailed answer

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What is an antidote? Detailed answer

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What is an antidote?

Antidote is not needed until someone has been poisoned. As such, it doesn't matter. This is a substance that prevents the action of poison. And poison, in turn, is also a substance that produces a painful or deadly effect on living tissue.

There are 4 main groups of toxic substances, depending on their effect on the body: corrosive poisons (like caustic acids) destroy biological tissue locally; poisonous poisons paralyze the organs with which they come into contact. Another group of poisons - neurotoxins - affects nerve cells.

And finally, hemotoxins, which, when released into the blood, neutralize oxygen and thereby stop the formation of hemoglobin. Carbon monoxide (car exhaust) is a prime example of a hemotoxin. Hemotoxins cause death because the lack of oxygen in the blood cuts off the nourishment of the tissues and the brain. In case of poisoning, it is very important to follow three steps. The first is to dilute the poison, that is, to give the poisoned person as much water as possible. The second is to clear the stomach by inducing vomiting. This specific antidote is used against certain toxic substances.

In some cases, counteraction with poison may be different. One is to combine the chemical with the poison, making it harmless as a result. For example, acid with soda, vinegar with lye. Poisons can also be protected physically by covering the mucous membranes with a protective layer of olive oil or milk.

The third way is to use substances that absorb the poison. In crushed form, they need to be poured onto the affected surface. For example, you can use charcoal. There are natural toxic substances in the body, which, when combined with the ingested poison, act as antidotes. Of course, one of the main problems that the doctor solves in case of poisoning is how to remove the poison from the body, and there are many ways to achieve this goal.

The best cure for poisoning is to be careful. Toxic substances should be kept out of the reach of children, tightly sealed in clearly labeled containers.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

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The hydra does not have a mouth opening as such. Each time after the act of feeding, the cells around the oral cone tightly close, forming a layer of ectoderm, similar to the layers of other parts of the body. To start a new meal, the hydra has to tear this area due to muscle effort.

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