In what institution of besieged Leningrad did employees die of hunger, having access to bread and potatoes? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

In what institution of besieged Leningrad did employees die of hunger, having access to bread and potatoes? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Comments on the article

Did you know?

In what institution of besieged Leningrad did employees die of hunger, having access to bread and potatoes?

By the beginning of World War II, the All-Union Institute of Plant Growing, founded by Nikolai Vavilov, had the largest collection of seeds in the world from more than one hundred thousand plant samples.

During the siege of Leningrad, the staff of the Institute heroically preserved the collection in the absence of electricity and interruptions in heating. Only in the winter of 1941-1942, five Virovtsy died of starvation, refusing to consider stocks of cereals and potatoes as food. And in the summer, employees managed to sow the necessary samples under artillery fire.

Rats got into some of the boxes, and there were cases of theft through broken windows, but in general, for the collection, these losses turned out to be insignificant.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is embroidery?

Embroidery is the art of sewing decorative stitches on fabric. This is a very ancient art. The remains of embroidered clothes were found during archaeological excavations of the ruins of Assyrian and Persian cities. The Old Testament describes the beauty of embroidery on the festive clothes of the Jews in biblical times. In the Middle Ages, embroidery reached great heights.

The great Italian and Dutch artists drew blanks for tapestries, on which paintings were embroidered on biblical subjects. Noble women in their castles spent hours embroidering outfits for especially solemn occasions and bedspreads for the church altar. One of the most famous medieval embroideries is the Bayoq Tapestry depicting the Battle of Hastings. All the warriors, horses, griffins, phoenixes and monsters depicted on it are embroidered with woolen threads of eight shades on a linen cloth seventy meters long and almost fifty-five centimeters wide.

In the XNUMXth century, embroideries became very expensive - more expensive than their weight in gold!

In the XVIII-XIX centuries, the education of girls necessarily included learning the art of embroidery, which they practiced daily. They learned how to make various stitches on a piece of linen. Houses, animals, numbers, letters of the alphabet and even poems were embroidered on these samples. Finishing the embroidery, the girl indicated her name, age and the date when the work was completed. Each country had its own style of embroidery. In China and Japan, gold threads and silk were used for embroidery, with which dragons, flowers, birds and landscapes were embroidered on thin damask fabric.

In warm countries such as Italy and Spain, embroideries were bright and cheerful in color and pattern. France and Switzerland were renowned for their fine workmanship. There, embroidery was often done with white thread on a white background. In the Balkan countries, clothes and bedding embroidered with bright ornaments were inherited from generation to generation.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ What is soil?

▪ How did fairs come about?

▪ People of what professions used earwax in their work several centuries ago?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

SAMSUNG SDI launches 38cm thick CRT TV 18.12.2004

Samsung SDI has developed a 32-inch CRT monitor with a kinescope only 38 cm thick.

At the moment, the CRT niche in the TV market is occupied by classic "boxes" with a thickness of 50 to 60 cm. The Samsung SDI display is only 10 cm thicker than a plasma panel. CRT TV will cost about $1000, the novelty has a high contrast - 5000:1 and brightness of 800 cd/m2, and power consumption is 190 watts.

The future plans of the company include the creation of a TV with a thickness of 20 cm, but we will not know about this until 2006.

Other interesting news:

▪ Push-button phone Lava with a pulse and pressure sensor

▪ Inexpensive replacement for diamond

▪ PNX1700 Single Chip Media Processor

▪ Dog's paw will test the reliability of the car

▪ Bluetooth 5 specification approved

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the website Residual current devices. Selection of articles

▪ article better half. Popular expression

▪ Who Invented the First Gramophone Record? Detailed answer

▪ article Dispatcher-mechanic. Job description

▪ article Solar collectors. Solar hot water systems. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Automatic dimmer. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews