Power supply of low-voltage equipment in the car. Scheme, description

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Power supply of low-voltage equipment in the car. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Electronic devices

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Many motorists use various equipment with a supply voltage of 3 ... 9 V in the car interior. And the voltage in the on-board network is at least 12 V. It would seem that it could be easier: to assemble a stabilizer on a microcircuit, for example, K142EN12. And if such a microcircuit or other integrated stabilizers are not at your disposal? In this case, transistor analogues of powerful zener diodes are used, on which a simple parametric stabilizer is assembled.

Power supply for low-voltage equipment in the car

I offer one of the options for such a device. Its main technical characteristics: maximum load current - 250 mA, minimum output voltage - 3 V, maximum output voltage - 9,5 V.

On the transistor VT1, LED HL1 and resistors R1, R2, a current stabilizer is assembled for a reference voltage source VD1 (see diagram). Part of the reference voltage from the resistive divider R3R4R6 is fed to the composite transistor VT2VT3, which operates as an emitter follower. The output voltage is regulated by a variable resistor R6.

The device uses fixed resistors MLT (with the exception of R5). Variable resistor - any. Ballast resistor R5 - wire (PE, PEV, etc.). Its resistance and power are calculated by the formulas:

Rb \uXNUMXd (Uin min-Uout max) / In max;

P \u2d (Uin max-Uout min) XNUMX / Rb,

where Uin max, Uin min are the input maximum and minimum voltages, respectively; Uout max, Uout min - maximum and minimum output voltages; In max - maximum load current.

Capacitor - any oxide for a rated voltage not less than the specified. Transistor VT3 is selected from the KT814, KT816 series; it should be installed on a small heat sink, including on the wall of the metal case of the stabilizer. Zener diode VD1 - any for a voltage of 8 ... 9 V.

Author: V. Sevastyanov, Voronezh

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