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AT LEISURE
To help the erudite. Database on the history, geography, biology, science, technology, sport, culture, traditions of the peoples of the world. According to the materials of the press and the Internet.
In Bulgaria it is called kravichka, in India - the one whose shepherd Indra, the Croats - a sheep, the French - the animal of God and the chicken of God, the British - the birds of the Mother of God, the Ukrainians - bedrik. So in different countries ladybug. A lace-maker, a Greve swallow, a guillotine hussar - this is what French thieves call gendarmes. When a gendarme is chasing a thief, when he is escorted by a thief, he is called a lacer, and he is called a gendarme's guillotine hussar when he leads to the scaffold. In the cuneiform tablets of Ashurbanipal, divination by the entrails of a donkey is described: If the entrails of a donkey are wrapped on the right side and are bluish, then there will be sadness and grief in the King's Country. If there is a depression in his stomach on the right side, then a flood will follow. The largest facility is Boeing's main assembly plant in Everett, Washington, USA, which, when built in 1968, was 5 m564, but as a result of subsequent expansions it reached 200 m2. The world's largest office building in terms of floor space is the Pentagon, located in Arlington, Virginia, USA. Designed to house the US Department of Defense, this facility was completed on January 15, 1943 at a cost of $83 million. The total area of its 5 floors is 604 m000. The largest office complex is the World Trade Center in New York, USA. The total area of leasable space in its 7 buildings is 1 m115 including 000 m2 in each of the two twin towers. Both have 406 elevators and 000 windows, for which 2 m99 of glass was used. The largest cemetery in the world is the Ohledorf Cemetery, built in 1877, in Hamburg, Germany. It covers an area of 400 hectares. As of December 31, 1996, there were 982 1 17 graves and a columbarium with 413 urns. The oldest pyramid is the 62 meter Step Pyramid of Djoser in Saqqara, Egypt, built by Imhotep (Djoser's court architect) around 2630 BC. The largest hotel is the MGM Grand Hotel/Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, an architectural complex of four 30-storey buildings covering an area of 45,3 hectares. The hotel has 5005 rooms, which together with the rooms occupy an area of about 560 m2, a concert hall for 15 seats and an amusement park with an area of 200 hectares. The largest restaurant is Mang Gorn Luang (Royal Dragon) in Bangkok, Thailand, which opened in October 1991 and has a capacity of 5000 diners. And to make it more convenient to serve the huge halls with a total area of 3,37 hectares, the waiters drive around them on rollers. Cinema complex Kinepolis, Brussels, Belgium, is the largest in the world. It includes 26 cinemas with a capacity of 160 to 700 people and another Imax cinema hall for 450 seats with a screen size of 20x30 m. In total, the complex can accommodate about 6000 spectators. The largest equipped beach - Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA, stretches for 45 km along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean and 16 km along the coast of the Chesapeake Bay. The city of Virginia Beach has 147 hotels and 2323 campsites. Gladys Turner (born January 4, 1920) of Copthorpe, West Sussex, UK, retained her baby tooth until she was 75 years old. Walter Hudson from New York had the widest waist, with his maximum weight of 545 kg, it was 3,02 m. For a person of normal build, Ethel Granger from Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, UK had the thinnest waist. Between 1929 and 1939, her waist was reduced from a natural measurement of 56 cm to 33 cm. Largest biceps - Denis Sester's right bicep measurement of Bloomingpont, Minnesota, USA, relaxed 77,8 cm. The tallest man of whom there is reliable evidence was Robert Pershing Wadlow, born in 1918 in Alton, Illinois, USA. When his height was measured for the last time on June 27, 1940, he was 2,72 m with an arm span of 2,88 m. His maximum weight recorded on the day of majority (21 years old) reached 222,7 kg. Until the last day, he continued to grow, and by the day of his death on July 15, 1940, his growth could well have reached 2,74 m. The tallest woman is Sen Chonglin (born in 1964) from Yunnan Province, China, by the time of her death on February 13, 1982, her height had reached 2,48 m. True, this figure takes into account the curvature of her spine, since she suffered from severe scoliosis and could not straighten up completely. Abnormal growth began at 4 months of age and at 4 years old was 1,56 m, and at the age of 13 years 2,17 m. The length of her palms was 25 cm. The most dissimilar spouses are Fabian Preto and Natalie Lokyu. When Fabian Preto (born 14) 1990m tall married Nathalie Loque (born 1968) 1,885cm tall on April 1966, 94 in Seisin Parise, France, they became the most contrasting married couple in the world. Their height difference reaches 94,5 cm. The smallest adult with objective evidence is Gal Mohammed (born 1957) from New Delhi, India. According to the results of the examination conducted on 19 July 1990 at the Ram Manohar Hospital, New Delhi, India, he is 57 cm tall with a weight of 17 kg. The fattest man - John Brover Minnock from Bainbridge Island, Washington State, USA, in 1963, with a height of 1,85 m, weighed 178 kg, in 1966 317 kg, and in September 1976 442 kg. In March 1978, Minnock was rushed to the hospital for acute heart failure and difficulty breathing. He weighed over 635 kg. A two-year diet of no more than 1200 calories per day allowed him to reduce his weight to 216 kg. In October 1981, he had to go back to the hospital after gaining 89 kg within a week. When he died on September 10, 1983, his weight exceeded 362 kg. The fattest woman is Rosalie Bradford. There is evidence that the record weight of Rosalie Bradford (born in 1943) from the United States, registered in January 1987, was 544 kg. However, after she developed heart failure from constant overload, she began to follow a diet under the supervision of doctors and by February 1994 already weighed 128 kg. The thinnest woman - Lucia Zarate (1863-1889) from San Carlos, Mexico, at the age of 17 was an emaciated midget who, with a height of 67 cm, weighed 2,13 kg. True, by her 20th birthday she had grown fat to 5,9 kg. The thinnest man - Hopkins Hopkins (1737-1754) from Llantrisant, Wales, Great Britain, at the age of 7 weighed 8,6 kg, and by the time of his death 6 kg. In 1923, Philip Morris began promoting the Marlboro brand as women's cigarettes under the motto Mild as May. high.ru/drugs/substances/nicotine/facts.html One example of hiding information is given in the writings of the ancient Greek historian Herodotus. On the head of the slave, which was shaved bald, the desired message was recorded. And when his hair grew enough, the slave was sent to the addressee, who again shaved his head and read the received message. fssr.ru/icccs/1251/babash_article.html The word engineer was first recorded in 1170, when the English city of Durham hired a certain Ricardus ingeniator, that is, Richard the inventor, as an architect. Results No. 23 (209) The first patent for a crystal mirror was taken in 1507 by Danzalo del Gallo. overlink.ru/mirror/2.htm The minds of the sages of ancient China, who spoke so much about human relationships, were not at all occupied with the feeling of love. Of course, every categorical statement in such a complex problem will inevitably become a stretch, but it is indisputable that in China a person was not at all obliged to love his neighbor: he was only obliged to strictly observe the ritual, which is better known to us under the name of Chinese ceremonies, and in relation to the neighbor to observe five attitudes, that is, to show respect for superiors and elders, mercy for inferiors and juniors, worthy attitude towards equals. severov.atom.ru/guests/china/ The Saami said: The earth is a living being. Trees and grass are her hair. Green turf, tundra mosses are her skin. In 19th century England, breaking a promise to marry could bring a civil case in court. Lyagva, jumping horse, merry - that's what the frog was called in Rus'. The human voice can be a good help in diagnosing diseases. If a person often screams in a voice that is not his own (raised), he may have a liver disease. If the intonation of the voice is dreary and colorless, then the person probably has weak lungs. If, in moments of fear and worries, the voice seems to be interrupted by fright, then this is a harbinger of a stomach disease. From the Encyclopedia of Traditional Medicine, v.5, M., 1997 The female names Rimma and Inna were once male. Along with them, there was also the name Pinna (also absolutely masculine). Pinna, Inna and Rimma are Christian saints who suffered for their faith at the beginning of our era. According to legend, the pagans froze them alive somewhere on the Danube. The saints were canonized, and their names were included in Christian reference books and calendars. The names Inna and Rimma gradually turned into female ones, and Pinna did not take root at all. Lev Uspensky You and your name, Volgograd, 1994 A camel is far from a giraffe. This animal is not only the longest-necked, but also thirsty. A giraffe can go six months without drinking (!), and also has the ability to eat acacias with very sharp thorns. In addition, the giraffe is also an absolutely dumb animal. In the world of entertaining facts, Alma-Ata, 1965 Some people are able not only to hear sounds, but also to see them, and even touch them. Psychiatrists call this ability synesthesia. Composer Alexander Scriabin was a clear synesthetic. He was the first to turn on multi-colored spotlights during the performance of his works. By the way, this is why the composer is considered one of the inventors of color music. And the writer Vladimir Nabokov saw the English alphabet in brown, and the French alphabet in black. UFO Kaleidoscope, No. 16, 2001 During sleep, we spend about 0,83 kilocalories per kilogram of body per hour. That is, a person weighing 70 kg will spend about 1 kcal in 58 hour of sleep, and 10 kcal after sleeping for 580 hours. So, sitting on a traditional diet of 600 kilocalories (on which women who want to lose weight usually sit), you can not play sports, but only sleep. The Russian populist revolutionary Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov, a participant in the assassination of Alexander II and sentenced in 1882 to eternal hard labor, until 1905 was kept in solitary confinement in the Peter and Paul and Shlisselburg fortresses. There he wrote a lot of works on history, chemistry, physics, astronomy, and mathematics. After the revolution, Morozov was engaged in scientific, writing and teaching activities. And the prisoner of tsarism died almost in our time, in 1946 at the age of ninety-two. Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1980 Bulimia - a nervous disorder, which is expressed in the uncontrolled absorption of food, affects mainly women. Among men, this disease is 10 times less common. This is partly due to the fact that men have a different scale of values: they pay much less attention to modern beauty standards than ladies, their own appearance is not so important to them, they are less interested in fashion. magazine Kosmetik international, № 1, 2001 The largest number of descendants - in countries where polygamy is legally allowed, a person can have an uncountable number of children. It is believed that the Sultan of Morocco Moulay Ismail (1672-1727) by 1703 had 525 sons and 342 daughters, and in 1721, when he was 49 years old, he became the father of the 700th son. The largest number of descendants - by the day of his death at the age of 96 in October 1992, Samuel S. Mast of Freiberg, Pennsylvania, USA, had a total of 824 living descendants: 11 children, 97 grandchildren, 634 great-grandchildren and 82 great-great-grandchildren. Descendants spanning the largest number of generations - Augusta Bunge of Wisconsin, USA, became a great-great-great-great-grandmother on January 21, 1989, at the age of 110, when her great-great-great-granddaughter had a son, Christopher John Bollig. The biggest g-forces are during the Silverstone Circuit Race in Northamptonshire, UK, in July 1977, an accident occurred and rider David Purley had to endure a reduction in speed from 173 km / h to zero on a stretch of track only 66 cm long. He experienced the impact of an overload of 179,8 ,29 dynes, having received 3 fractures and 6 dislocations. His heart stopped XNUMX times. The highest number of pills reportedly taken was 565 by K. Kilner of Bindura, Zimbabwe between June 939, 9 and June 1967, 19. The longest-running commercial on British television was the Great Universal Stores commercial, lasting 7 minutes and 10 seconds. It aired on T.V.A.M.'s Good Morning Britain on January 20, 1985. Advertising time cost £100. The shortest television commercial, a 3 second commercial promoting the 1993 Guinness Book of Records, was shown on British television in 1992. The highest price of advertising time was recorded at $2,2 million per minute in prime time. This price was set by NBC during broadcasts of matches for Super Bowl XXIX and XXX on January 29, 1995 and January 28, 1996. The country with the most phones was the US in 1996, with 165 million, or 66 for every 100 people. The busiest telephone network - On June 27, 1989, ORT (GEC Plessey Telecommunications Ltd.) demonstrated in Beeston, Nottingham County, UK, the capabilities of the System X telephone network for an hour, it coped with 1 calls simultaneously. The rarest element that exists in nature is astatine (the 85th element of the periodic table). According to experts' calculations, only 16 g of this metal is contained in a 0,3 km thick layer of the earth's crust. In the II century AD. By order of Emperor Hadrian, Roman legionnaires built a wall across the whole of Great Britain along the Carlisle-Newcastle line. The total length of Hadrian's Wall is about 120 kilometers, width - from 2,5 to 3 meters, height - up to 3 meters. It took 6 years to build. Most domestic cats have 12 barbels on each side of their nose. In 1942, a government investigation into the activities of the Bushes-owned and New York-based Union Banking Corp. showed that its agreements with the German Steel Trust allowed the production of 50% of iron produced in Nazi Germany, 35% of its explosives, 45% of pipes , 38% galvanized steel and 36% steel sheet. German industrialist Friedrich Flick, co-owner of this company, was sentenced to seven years in prison at the Nuremberg trials. Central Jewish Resource, George Bush's Shadow Holocaust (sem40.ru/ anti/bush_1 .shtml) Scientists from the Fauna Communications Research Institute in North Carolina studied the purring of representatives of different types of cat breeds, wild and domestic, and determined the main frequencies at which these animals purr: for domestic cats, the range is 27-44 Hz, for cougar, ocelot, serval, cheetah and caracal - 20-50. Humming me nine lives (farmo.ru/) A major role in the last two years of Yesenin's life was played by Galina Benislavskaya (they met at one of the literary evenings in 1920). She actually assumed the duties of his literary secretary and literary agent. Their extensive correspondence sheds light on this relationship, painful for Galina: she understood that Sergei did not love her. Nevertheless, she usually ended her letters: Always yours, and I always love you. On December 3, 1926, Benislavskaya shot herself at Yesenin's grave at the Vagankovsky cemetery. She was 29 years old. Yesenin's women. Chronometer (Vologda) No21 (111) from 22.05.01 (province.ru/ ) Napoleon suffered from ailurophobia, the fear of cats. Victor Hugo could not work without his bronze dog in front of him. The most popular English writer on a planetary scale in the 1903th century was George Orwell (Eric Arthur Blair), who lived from 1950 to 1984. Only two of his works: 40 and Animal Farm have sold over 60 million copies in total and have been translated into XNUMX languages. The US senator's annual salary is currently $141. For the first time, the word steam locomotive appeared in the newspaper Northern Bee, which was published by N. I. Grech. They wrote: Here comes a steam locomotive with a chimney from which smoke pours; the car pulls several wagons behind it, in which more than 300 people fit, the strength is equal to the strength of 40 horses; in one hour it covers a space of 30 versts. pvrr.ru/company/rhumor/5.htm In order to be calm for the posthumous fate of one's soul, heirs, sons, were needed, because, as the Book of Filial Piety said, of all types of disrespect for parents, the worst is not to have offspring. The Chinese have always longed to have as many sons as possible - as many as there are seeds in a pomegranate; nothing more beautiful could be wished for him: children were a guarantee of immortality and contentment of the soul. severov.atom.ru/guests/china/ The Second Lutheran Council in 1139 banned the use of crossbows against Christians as a deadly weapon and allowed them to be used exclusively against infidels. crossbow.hunter.ru/history/review.html
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