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AT LEISURE
To help the erudite. Database on the history, geography, biology, science, technology, sport, culture, traditions of the peoples of the world. According to the materials of the press and the Internet.
Today, the only copy of the manuscript of the Rhodes Law of the Sea is kept in the Vatican Library. Article 6 states: If a ship under sail strikes a ship at anchor or drifting, and this happens during the day, then the fault for the collision lies with the captain and crew of the first ship. A ship at anchor or lying adrift at night, to prevent a collision, should light a fire on deck or notify passing ships by shouting. If the captain of the ship did neither, and there was a collision, then let him thank himself. grinda.navy.ru: 36/sailship/signal/lights.htm The word oil appeared in Russian in the XNUMXth century, and this word comes from the Arabic nafat, which means to spew. ecocom.ru/interesno/neft.html In a number of literary works, the famous oversight of the murderers of the ancient Greek poet Ivik is noted. This oversight lies in the fact that they underestimated the witnesses of the crime. These witnesses were cranes. Ivik, who was attacked by robbers, dying, called a flock of flying cranes to witness the crime. After some time, at the festivities in Corinth, one of his killers, seeing the cranes, exclaimed: These are the witnesses of Ivik, which betrayed himself. In ancient times, books in Russia were sold by weight. The highest earnings - for the role of the Joker in the film Batman company Warner Bros., which cost $ 50 million, Jack Nicholson instead of a fee received $ 60 million through deductions from profits. Most encores - On February 24, 1988, Italian tenor Luciano Pavarotti was applauded for 1 hour and 7 minutes and called for an encore 165 times for his performance of Nemorino in Gaetano Donizetti's L'elisir d'amore at the Deutsche Oper. The biggest extras - in the funeral scene in the epic film Gandhi (Gandhi, 1982), was filmed, it is believed, more than 300 people. The most grandiose beating of dishes - in the film Nightingale (USSR, 1936), which tells about the uprising of workers in a porcelain factory on the Volga, 150 plates were broken. The most popular movie character - since 1900, more than 211 films have been made about Sherlock Holmes. Most Successful Director - Steven Spielberg's 7 films are among the top 2,17 highest-grossing films of all time. Gross income from their rental exceeded XNUMX billion dollars. The most profitable film series - 18 James Bond films, from Dr. No (UK, 1962) to Golden Eye (Golden Eye, UK-USA, 1995), have grossed over $1 billion worldwide. Largest film production - India produces more feature films than any other country. In 1990, a record number of 948 films were shot. The world's largest film archive - the National British Film Archive holds 135 films. This can be compared to the National Center for Cinematography in Paris, France, with 000 films, and with the Gosfilmofond in Russia, which has a collection of 95 films. The largest advertising budget - the film company Universal and distributors spent 68 million dollars to advertise Steven Spielberg's Jurassic Park (Jurassic Park, USA, 1993) in the USA alone. This is $8 million more than the cost of the film itself. The biggest box office - adjusted for inflation Gone with the Wind (USA, 1939) collected 863 million dollars. Highest opening day box office - Jurassic Park grossed $23 million on May 1997, 22. In 1960, there was a trial of Mr. Rokotov, who was tried for illegal currency transactions. One of the points read: Speculation in jeeps. In the last word, the defendant said: I have two remarks: firstly, not jeeps, but jeans. Secondly, they are only Levis. Everything else is just pants. vladivostok.com/smart/98/N7/gins.htm The feast of donkeys was celebrated in France. Although it was considered a harmless feast to commemorate Mary's flight from Egypt, it was celebrated in a highly ambiguous way. At Beauvois, a procession of donkeys entered the church. At the end of each part of the mass (Kyrie, Introitus, Gloria, etc.), the whole assembly screamed Eeyore like a donkey. The code, dating from the XNUMXth century, reads: At the end of the Mass, instead of the words Mass is over, the priest shouted like a donkey three times, and instead of the words Thanksgiving to God, the congregation answered Ea three times. C. G. Jung. Four archetypes. On the psychology of the image of the trickster. In the middle of the XNUMXth century, Pope Pius V issued an edict banning bullfighting on pain of excommunication. But the Spanish king Philip II, although he was known for his harsh attitude to all sorts of spectacles, managed to get the papal curia to cancel the edict. He believed that it was this spectacle that tempered courage - one of the main features of a real Spaniard. corrida.hobby.ru/history.html In 1947, the American writer Mencken signed a contract with a Canadian film company. For the right to film the book, the company undertook to supply the author every month for the rest of his life, two boxes of light ale. tabepha.ru/texts/facts.html It was imported into Egypt from Arpachia, Assur, the Land of the Gods and the Land of the Hittites, from Lebanon, Naharin, Punt, Jahi and Rechen. From these places timber was brought to Egypt. By decree of King Louis XVI of France, handkerchiefs had to be square, not round, oval or rectangular. An old description of a Russian wedding: And the mother-in-law comes out from the table and asks her son-in-law about his health and kisses him with it, and the sedentary boyars, leaving with the newlywed, kiss everything with it. And the mother-in-law kisses the thousandth and the trainmen with this, and the boyars are different without it. It was necessary to kiss with the fly. It's a martyr, a survivor, that's all. So the great writer Honore de Balzac spoke of great writers. Rings among many peoples have long served as symbols of love or dislike. Between the islands of Haiti and Puerto Rico is the golden island of the Caribbean - the island of Mona. In 1939, a treasure was found here, hidden by the English pirate Dennings, worth about a million dollars. Voyage and rest, April-May, 1997 Unicorns were extremely proud and fierce. Not a single one was ever taken alive. They recognized only the power of innocent blond maidens. In their presence, the beast lost its magical power and became completely tame and submissive. Magic animals. M.: Terra, 1996 Pictures can kill and drive you crazy. According to some researchers of the anomalous properties of paintings, Aivazovsky's Ninth Wave and Malevich's Black Square have a negative aura. On the contrary, Shishkin's painting with bears and Van Gogh's Sunflowers carry light energy. Alfa-Mir, No. 7, 2001 Different hemispheres of the brain are responsible for different types of memory. The left is for the verbal-logical, the right is for the visual and musical. Right-handed people are known to have a better developed left hemisphere. Therefore, they often have a craving for language professions. Left-handed people are right-brained, so there are many people with musical and drawing abilities among them. And visual memory in left-handed people is really on top. They say that Alexander the Great, who, according to his contemporaries, was left-handed, knew each of his warriors by sight, although his army numbered tens of thousands of soldiers. To lazy children and hardworking parents, St. Petersburg, 1998 In order to deceive evil people and evil spirits, caring parents in Rus' gave their children bad names. Smart and beautiful boys were called Fools, Fools and Freaks. Bold - Cowards. The desired children were called Nezhdans and Nechays. Bad names were supposed to save the child from damage and the evil eye. It is from such names that modern Russian surnames originated - the Durnevs, the Gluptsovs, the Nechaevs ... Russian names: Folk calendar, Arkhangelsk. 1993 The expression business smells like kerosene was coined by the journalist M.E. Koltsov. He used it in his feuilleton, published in the newspaper Pravda on 22.04.1924/1987/XNUMX. The feuilleton was devoted to a major oil scam in California. Experience of the etymological dictionary of Russian etymology. M., XNUMX The largest poster in size - October 26, 1993 in Hong Kong Public Youth Club released a poster measuring 21 square meters. It was exhibited at an exhibition in Victoria Park. The longest sand sculpture - 26 m - was built on May 375,9, 31 in Myrtle Beach, Southern California, USA, by 1991 volunteers. The most expensive works of art - Mona Lisa (La Gioconda) by Leonardo da Vinci, written in 1503-1507, is located in the Louvre, Paris, France. In 1962, her insurance value was $100 million. The French King Francis I first purchased this painting in 1517 for 4000 gold florins (about $220). The most expensive works of art - Portrait of Dr. Gachet by Vincent van Gogh was sold on May 15, 1990 at Christie's auction in New York for $ 75 million. Biggest art thefts - On April 14, 1991, 20 paintings worth $500 million were stolen from the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. However, after 35 minutes they were found in a car abandoned near the museum. Biggest art thefts - On April 14, 1990, part of a $200 million collection was stolen from the Isabella Sewart Gardner Museum in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, including works by Vermeer, Rembrandt, Degas, as well as a valuable Chinese bowl dating back to 1200 year BC None of the stolen works of art have yet been found. The most prolific artist - the creative life of Pablo Picasso lasted 78 years. It is estimated that he left behind 13 paintings and sketches, 500 engravings and prints, 100 book illustrations, and 000 ceramic and sculptural works, totaling about $34 billion. Record number of works sold at auction - by May 9, 1997, Picasso's work had been auctioned at least 3579 times. Total sales amounted to over $1 billion. The quietest piece of music - the composition 4'33 was considered by its creator John Cage the most significant work. The performer or performers sit silently on the stage. Music, on the other hand, is any noise made by the public or penetrating from behind the walls of the concert hall. Largest Collections - John C. Benham of Ewoki, Indiana, USA, has amassed the world's largest private library of 1,5 million books. Largest Collections - By May 1997, the collection of Angelika Unverhau of Dinslaken, Germany had 108 ballpoint pens. Biggest Collections - Walter Caveneg of Santa Clara, California, USA, collected 1397 credit cards worth $1,65 million stored in the world's longest wallet (76,2 m long) weighing 17,49 kg. Largest Collections - Together with their teacher Ellen Dambach, the students of Rolling Hills Elementary School in Vernon, New Jersey, USA, assembled a collection of 1 buttons from January to June 000. Largest Collections - Since 1956, Paul Hegh Poulsen of Redovra, Denmark, has compiled a collection of 82 different bottle caps from 169 countries. The largest collections - Chris Gower from Dorset, UK, has collected a collection of 412 pairs of handcuffs. Cats are not as sniffy as dogs, but they hear well. They are able to hear the rustle of a mouse at a distance of 500 meters. And mouse fuss at a distance of 25 meters can wake up a soundly sleeping cat, especially if she is hungry. Flies, snails and starfish are the most deaf creatures in the world. They are completely deaf. The saying about elephants being thick-skinned is not very accurate. Of course, the thickness of elephant skin is impressive - up to 1,8 cm, but the rhinoceros is a thicker-skinned animal. Its skin reaches a thickness of 2 cm. But the Nile hippopotamus is considered the thickest-skinned. The thickness of his skin is 2,5 cm. The largest water-drinkers are fish. Fish consume per day the amount of water equal to the weight of its body. A person drinks approximately 2,5 liters of liquid. And this is only three percent of the weight of a person with an average physique (and some people manage with one liter of liquid). Among the people there is an expression crocodile tears, as well as a belief that crocodiles cry out of ostentatious compassion for their victims. Crocodiles really shed tears, but not out of pity, but to get rid of excess salt in the body. Salt leaves with tears. Toads are the fastest eaters. A toad makes about four thousand chewing movements per minute! Since such chewing cannot be seen with the naked eye, some peoples have a belief that toads can not eat for decades. Sharks experience almost constant hunger. Therefore, they swallow everything that comes to hand. Even the insides from his own ripped belly. The stomachs of these predatory fish are so strong that all indigestible things can lie there without harm to the fish itself. Cans of coffee, pots, suitcases, horseshoes, coils of underwater cable, and even typewriters have been found in shark stomachs. And during the Second World War, sharks swallowed underwater mines and hand grenades. Ostriches are quite aggressive birds and the blow of the paw of an angry ostrich is stronger than the blow of a horse's hoof. But at the same time, ostriches attack only those who are shorter than them. Therefore, natives who are familiar with ostrich customs, as well as employees of reserves, use caps worn on long sticks and raised above their heads as a means of defense. Ostriches, seeing someone taller than themselves, retreat in a panic. Burgundy snail, common in France, with a weight of 20 grams, can withstand a weight of 250 grams. It's like putting a burden of seven centners on a person weighing 70 kg. In addition, the Burgundy snail can safely crawl along the razor's edge without much harm to itself. It is protected from cuts by the mucus it secretes. Fly - a canvas scarf with which women tie their heads. Previously, at a wedding, the bride gave away as gifts the fly of her work, embroidered or with lace. V. I. Dal. Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language. Fly - a square, stepped recess in the wall, in the old days it was used as a decorative element. Stone Tales. Yaroslavl, 1972. The word Seoul (Koreans pronounce it as Soul) is translated into Russian very simply - the capital. However, oddly enough, the Korean capital formally received this name only in 1946. Prior to this, Koreans usually called their capital Seoul in oral speech, but officially the city had other, Chinese in origin, names. vestnik.tripod.com/articles/toponimika.html Leonardo da Vinci proposed a water alarm clock - a balance beam with two bowls connected by a tube. One is filled with water before going to bed, water from the clepsydra drips into the other. This is a watch for those who save their time, - Leonardo describes their design, - and they act like this. When as much water flows out of the clepsydra as is placed in the opposite scale, the latter, rising, pours its water into the first vessel, which, since the weight of the water in it has doubled, lifts the sleeper's legs with force. He wakes up and goes about his business. nt.ru/ri/dm/vh03.htm In 1795, Napoleon promised 12000 francs for a way to keep food for the army for a long time. In 1809, the chef Apper, the inventor of the canning method, received the prize. This invention radically changed the table of almost all the inhabitants of the planet. Some historians believe that if the emperor had classified canned food in time, he could have conquered the whole world. In Indian calendars and legends, a magical meaning is attributed to this number. In ancient Rome and in Italy, it is considered lucky. The ancient Jews depicted it with the letter M, the word mem - death - began with the same letter in the Hebrew language. This number is 13. Mother spoke of Blok: He is a very tense and sensitive accumulator. Some believe that he looks like Lermontov's Mtsyri, others that he is a knight of the Beautiful Lady. The Dhammapada says: Neither in the sky, nor in the midst of the ocean, nor in the chasm of the mountain, if one penetrates into it, is there such a place on earth where the living is not defeated by death. According to Kuprin, Conan Doyle and Sherlock Holmes fit into this short story by Edgar Allan Poe, like in a case. This short story was the first work written in the detective genre, and it is called Murder in the Rue Morgue. To fulfill the vow given by him in 1812 in honor of the victory over Napoleon, Alexander 1 began 5 years later. This vow is the laying of the foundation stone for the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
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