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CULTURAL AND WILD PLANTS
Azalea (rhododendron). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application
Directory / Cultivated and wild plants Content
Azalea (rhododendron), Azalea. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism Sort by: Rhododendron (Rhododendron) Family: Heathers (Ericaceae) Origin: Rhododendrons originate from Asia and North America. They are popular cultivated plants for their beautiful foliage and flowers. Area: Rhododendrons can be found in different parts of the world including Asia, Europe, North America and Africa. They grow in a variety of habitats, including forests, scrublands, mountain slopes, and high mountain regions. Chemical composition: Different types of rhododendrons contain a variety of chemical composition, including flavonoids, tannins, essential oils, anthocyanins and other compounds. Some of them are poisonous, especially to livestock. Economic value: Rhododendrons are widely used in horticulture and landscaping for their beautiful flowers and foliage. They also have medical significance, as some of them are used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. However, some types of rhododendrons can be poisonous and their use in the food industry can be dangerous. Legends, myths, symbolism: In Chinese culture, the azalea is associated with femininity, grace and beauty. It is also used in Chinese medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including heart, respiratory, and liver diseases. In Japan, the azalea is considered a symbol of spring, beauty and elegance. It is traditionally grown in Japanese gardens and used in tea ceremonies. In Western culture, the azalea is associated with sensuality, romance, and femininity. The Victorians used azaleas as a symbol of love, respect and devotion. In Christian symbolism, the azalea is associated with resurrection and eternal life, as flowers bloom during the Easter holiday. In some cultures, the azalea is considered a symbol of volatility and moodiness due to the fact that its flowers quickly fade and crumble. In addition, depending on the color of the flowers, azaleas can have different symbolic meanings. For example, white azaleas can mean purity and innocence, red - passion and love, and yellow - betrayal and betrayal.
Azalea (rhododendron), Azalea. Description, illustrations of the plant Azalea (rhododendron). Legends, myths, history
From the Greek word "rhododendron" is translated exactly as "rose tree". But the name "azalea" (dry) was coined by Carl Linnaeus and characterized, for the most part, the shrub itself - dryish, covered with inexpressive small leaves. According to one legend, the almost magical charm of the azalea is explained by the intervention of the elves. Once, fleeing from a fire, a family of elves was forced to leave their homes. Tired, almost exhausted, the elves took refuge in a small forest that grew at the foot of the mountains. They began to look for a place to sleep, but the forest people had already occupied the trees. Beautiful flowers refused to take on strangers, explaining their refusal by the fear of damaging their lush petals. And only one, seemingly inconspicuous shrub hospitably allowed the refugees to take refuge among its foliage. After spending the night under its shadow, the elves decided to reward the bush for kindness. And so, when the sun rose, hundreds of beautiful bright flowers bloomed on its branches. Ashamedly silent were those plants that refused the elves shelter - the hospitable shrub overshadowed the most magnificent flowers with its charm! To justify the rhododendron (that was the name of the very ancestor of our beloved azalea), the elves awarded him with an unusual property. It was this mysterious feature of the rhododendron that caused the events described by Xenophon, an ancient Greek scientist. This strange story happened in the XNUMXth century BC, when the warlike Greeks conquered the scattered tribes that huddled in the mountains of Colchis. The well-armed Greek troops practically did not know defeat, conquering inch by inch of the enemy's land. But once the glory of the victors was shaken: a strange disease knocked down the Greek soldiers - they fell to the ground, losing consciousness. As it turned out, before that, the conquerors tasted wild honey, which was collected by bees from the fragrant flowers of rhododendron. Almost the entire army perished, stricken with a mysterious illness. However, there were no deaths - consciousness returned to the victims the next morning, and two days later, weakened as after a serious illness, they were able to get on their feet. The answer to this mystery, as our ancestors believed, is that rhododendron honey is poisonous. However, modern research has shown that only the leaves of this plant contain alkaloids, while honey obtained from pollen is harmless - except that it has a more tart taste than traditional flower varieties. But a long stay in the thickets of flowering rhododendrons can cause you to feel unwell - the smell bestowed by the elves is very strong. Perhaps, in order to explain their defeat in front of some flowering shrub, the Greeks decided to consider the rhododendron a plant of Artemis (allegedly, its fragrant petals always lay on the bed of this eternally young goddess). Hence his cocky character - like the goddess-huntress, beautiful flowers do not give themselves offense to anyone.
But in the east, the rhododendron is a symbol of female attractiveness. In Japan, it is called the flower of carnal pleasures, its alluring aroma is considered sensual beyond measure. It is not surprising that the rhododendron (aka azalea, aka alpine rose) often became one of the heroes of romantic ballads. His charm was also sung by domestic symbolist poets, who could not remain indifferent to his charms. After the triumph of the cone-shaped azalea at the St. Petersburg gardening exhibition in 1860, this flower for a long time removed the rose itself from the pedestal of the main flower muse. Author: Martyanova L.M.
Azalea. Interesting plant facts
In the spring of 401 BC, the Greek troops moved for the second week along the mountain roads of Colchis in search of the golden fleece. The militant local tribes attacked the cohorts of the conquerors in scattered groups, but quickly dispersed before the organized, armored ranks of warriors. The Greeks rejoiced, but suddenly a disaster happened in the main Athenian army: the soldiers found a large apiary in the mountains, quickly divided the honeycombs filled with heavy honey, tasted it, and soon after that everyone fell unconscious. The commander Xenophon, describing this event, noted: "... in general there was nothing here that could arouse suspicion, but there were many hives, and all those soldiers who ate honeycombs instantly lost consciousness. There were a lot of sick people, as after defeat. But the next day no one died, they began to regain consciousness, and on the third and fourth days they got up exhausted, as after a medicine. " It turned out that the Greek warriors ate honey from wild rhododendron flowers, a distant ancestor of the modern cultivated azalea, the most famous of which is now the Indian azalea. Its flowers are very nectar-bearing, but honey has specific properties and contains dangerous alkaloids. In Greek, the word "azalea" literally means "dry". Indeed, before the flowers bloom, the azalea is a dryish shrub with small, rough leaves. Its buds stand half-closed for a long time, as if hiding their incomparable beauty from people. But suddenly there comes a moment when the buds burst into bright colors: up to five hundred flowers can bloom simultaneously on one bush, and each of them does not go out for eighteen days, and the whole plant is in bloom for up to two and a half months. Azaleas appeared in Europe at the end of the 1820th century, but only fifty years later the study and cultivation of the plant began. In XNUMX, the first varieties were bred, the novelty and beauty of which forced lovers to unite in clubs for plant breeding and selection. A kind of competition began between English, French, German and Belgian botanists to grow new varieties. The hobby was so violent that at the beginning of the XNUMXth century the number of varieties exceeded one thousand. But for the breeding of only one variety, the gardener needs at least ten years.
The azalea was brought to Russia at the beginning of the XNUMXth century as a gift to the tsar, and at first it did not go beyond the court greenhouses and individual botanical gardens. But gradually this plant became widespread. Anyone who has ever seen garlands of airy snow-white, pale pink, golden yellow, red, purple flowers will not remain indifferent to them. Now wavy, now terry, like elegant tutus of ballerinas, now open, like bowls, flowers delight the eye and amuse the heart. In addition, some varieties, such as Indian azalea, awaken only in the winter "dead season" and therefore bring special joy. Cut flowering shoots of azaleas placed in water can glow for up to two weeks. Azaleas belong to the rhododendron subfamily, which includes only trees and shrubs. The most famous of them, the genus has found wide application in the ornamental horticulture of Japan and China. In the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, rhododendrons live in the Eastern Himalayas and in East Asia. They also grow in North America, New Guinea, and one species has found refuge in Northern Australia. There are rhododendrons in the Caucasus, in the west of the European part of Russia, in Eastern Siberia and the Far East. The most decorative and interesting of them are Smirnov's rhododendron and Ungern's rhododendron, but their glory is overshadowed by the flowers of the Adventsgloken variety, blazing for about forty days, as well as the flowers of the Avenir variety, the diameter of which reaches eleven and a half centimeters.
Rhododendrons tolerate shading well, severe frosts and can even winter under snow. However, people are not only interested in their beauty and nectar content: the dense, beautifully patterned wood of the Pontic rhododendron is used for joinery. And where rhododendrons are settled, the conditions are favorable for the cultivation of deciduous and pine forests. Therefore, the protection of these plants and especially the yellow and Dahurian rhododendrons becomes very topical. The latter, under the name wild rosemary, increasingly decorates many city apartments in the dead of winter, illuminating them with purple wicks. In Siberia, branches for such winter bouquets are taken from wild shrubs by the millions, not always harvesting them correctly. It must be remembered that no more than a third of its shoots can be cut from each bush, and the length of the cut branches should not exceed forty centimeters. Author: Krasikov S.
Azalea (rhododendron), Azalea. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
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Azalea (rhododendron), Azalea. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing
Azalea (rhododendron) is a beautiful flowering shrub that can be grown both indoors and outdoors. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing azaleas: Cultivation:
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