How to put on a tire. Medical care for a child

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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How to put on a tire. Medical care for a child

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Tire is needed in order to fix the damaged part of the body and prevent its further injury. Do not try to connect bone fragments in fractures or to correct dislocations. Always fix the injured limb in the position in which it is located.

Use a solid flat object (board, ruler, stick, rolled-up magazine) as a splint. You can also use a pillow or blanket, or use the child's good leg or toe as a splint.

If the splint is too rough, wrap it with a piece of cloth or a towel before putting it on.

1. Apply the splint to the fracture or dislocation.

2. Check that the splint grips the joints above and below the fracture.

3. Bandage the splint to the injured part of the body with a bandage, cloth or belt. Make sure the bandage is not too tight. If the fingers of the bandaged hand or foot turn pale and cold, loosen the bandage.

Knots should not press on damaged areas.

Author: Basharova N.A.

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Wind electricity on bacteria 30.07.2016

PhD student Tyler Shendruk and his colleagues at Oxford University have created a virtual model of a miniature "windmill" that uses a stream of moving E. coli bacteria instead of wind energy.

The scientists simulated swimming of bacteria in a liquid nutrient medium (agar) on a computer. After that, a disk-rotor rotating on an axis was virtually "placed" in the center of this liquid. Since the bacteria move randomly, the disk also moved randomly, turning one way and then the other.

However, when several discs were already placed in the same liquid, arranged in rows at regular intervals from each other (just in case, we recall once again that all this happened within the framework of a computer model), the nature of their rotation suddenly became stably ordered. Namely, each rotor constantly rotated in the same direction - clockwise or counterclockwise - and the directions of rotation of neighboring disks were always opposite.

Shendruk and colleagues explained this by the fact that the bacteria formed a self-organizing system with the disks. Each rotor became the center of a flow of bacteria flowing around it from all sides, which always moves in one direction (hence the opposite rotation of neighboring disks). We can say that there was no other way out for Escherichia coli, because otherwise their movement would have stopped altogether.

Similar processes of cell self-organization, Shendruk writes in his article, are often observed in multicellular living organisms - especially in growing tissues, when a mass of cells moves in an organized manner to the same place. "This is a spontaneous, but well-coordinated action," the scientist notes.

In general, the significance of this work lies not only in the creation of a spectacular model that demonstrates one of the most important biological principles. Of course, it is hardly feasible to generate energy in this way, but the results obtained can also help engineers develop mechanisms that include living cells. Such mechanisms are already being developed: for example, this is a robot similar to a stingray, which is set in motion by heart muscle cells.

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