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Instruction on labor protection for the electrician of the main control panel. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. The instruction on labor protection is a document that establishes requirements for the safe performance of work for employees.

1.2. Knowledge of the Instructions on labor protection is mandatory for all employees.

1.3. The head of the structural unit is obliged to create conditions at the workplace that meet the requirements of labor protection, provide employees with protective equipment and organize their study of this Instruction.

Each enterprise must develop and communicate to all personnel safe routes through the territory of the enterprise to the place of work and evacuation plans in case of fire and emergency.

1.4. Each employee must:

• comply with the requirements of this Instruction;
• immediately report to your immediate supervisor, and in his absence, to a higher manager about the accident that has occurred and about all violations of the Instructions he has noticed, as well as about malfunctions of structures, equipment and protective devices;
• keep the workplace and equipment clean and tidy;
• ensure the safety of protective equipment, tools, devices, fire extinguishing equipment and documentation on labor protection at their workplace.

For violation of the requirements of the Instruction, the employee is liable in accordance with applicable law.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Persons at least 18 years of age are allowed to work in this profession. who have passed a preliminary medical examination and have no contraindications to perform the specified work.

2.2. An employee undergoes an introductory briefing upon hiring. Before admission to independent work, he must pass:

• training in professional training programs;
• initial briefing at the workplace;
• test of knowledge of instructions:
• on labor protection;
• to provide first aid to victims of accidents at work;
• on the use of protective equipment necessary for the safe performance of work;
• on fire safety.

For employees who have the right to prepare a workplace for admission, the right to be a foreman, supervisor and team member, it is necessary to check the knowledge of the Intersectoral labor protection rules (safety rules) for the operation of electrical installations (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) to the extent corresponding to the duties of responsible persons for labor protection.

2.3. Admission to independent work is issued by an appropriate order for the structural unit of the enterprise.

2.4. A newly hired employee is issued a qualification certificate, in which an appropriate entry must be made about checking knowledge of the instructions and rules specified in clause 2.2, and about the right to perform special work.

The qualification certificate for on-duty personnel during the performance of official duties may be kept by the shop shift supervisor or with him in accordance with local conditions.

2.5. Employees who have not passed the knowledge test within the established time limits are not allowed to work independently.

2.6. The employee in the process of work must pass:

• repeated briefings - at least once a quarter;
• verification of knowledge of the instructions for labor protection and the current instructions for providing first aid to victims of accidents at work - once a year;
• medical examination - once every two years;
• checking the knowledge of the Rules for employees who have the right to prepare a workplace, admission, the right to be a foreman, supervisor or team member - once a year.

2.7. Employees who have received an unsatisfactory mark during a qualification test are not allowed to work independently and must undergo a second test no later than one month.

In case of violation of labor protection rules, depending on the nature of the violation, an unscheduled briefing or an extraordinary knowledge test is carried out.

2.8. The victim or eyewitness must immediately notify his/her immediate supervisor of each accident or accident.

2.9. Each employee must know the location of the first aid kit and be able to use it.

2.10. If faulty devices, tools and protective equipment are found, the employee must inform his/her immediate supervisor about this.

It is not allowed to work with faulty devices, tools and protective equipment.

To avoid electric shock, do not touch or step on broken, hanging wires.

2.11. In electrical installations, people, mechanisms and hoisting machines are not allowed to approach energized, unprotected live parts at distances less than those indicated in Table 1.

Table 1. Permissible distances to live parts under voltage

* Constant current.

2.12. It is not allowed to clutter up approaches to shields with fire-fighting equipment and to fire hydrants, as well as to use fire-fighting equipment for other purposes.

2.13. Dangerous and harmful production factors affecting the electrician of the main control panel (MSC) include: exposure to electric current; exposure to acid or alkali.

2.14. To protect against harmful production factors, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment.

When in operating workshops and premises, switchgears (RU) it is necessary to wear a protective helmet fastened with a chin strap.

To neutralize the acid when acid or alkali gets on the body, they should be neutralized accordingly: acid - with a solution of baking soda, and alkali - with a solution of boric acid, and then washed with plenty of water.

To protect against electric shock, the following protective equipment must be used:

• insulating pliers;
• voltage indicators;
• fitter's and assembly tool with insulating handles for work in electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V;
• dielectric gloves, boots, galoshes, rugs, caps;
• insulating pads and stands;
• portable grounding;
• protective devices;
• posters and safety signs.

In case of insufficient illumination of the working area, additional local lighting should be used.

If the noise level is high, earmuffs or earplugs should be used.

2.15. The electrician must work in overalls and use protective equipment issued in accordance with current industry standards.

2.16. The following personal protective equipment is issued free of charge to the electrician of the main control panel in accordance with industry standards:

• cotton suit - for 1 year;
• protective helmet - for 2 years;
• galoshes and dielectric gloves - on duty;
• goggles - on duty.

When issuing a double replaceable set of overalls, the wear period is doubled.

Depending on the nature of the work and the conditions of their production, the electrician is temporarily provided with additional overalls and protective equipment for these conditions free of charge.

3. Safety requirements before starting work

3.1. When accepting a shift, the remote control electrician must:

• receive information from the person handing over the shift about the condition of the equipment, which must be carefully monitored to prevent malfunctions or accidents, and about the equipment that is under repair and reserve; about changes in the schemes that have occurred since the previous shift. Require the dispatcher to conduct an extraordinary briefing when changing the schemes (commissioning of new objects, liquidation of existing objects);
• check the registration of all work performed according to orders and orders, and the number of working teams;
• check the completeness and serviceability of overalls, instruments, tools, availability of keys to the premises, operational documentation;
• get acquainted with all the records in the operational documentation for the time elapsed since the previous duty, clarify the places for installing portable grounding and switched on grounding knives;
• to report directly to the shift supervisor on taking up duty and on the shortcomings identified when accepting the shift;
• formalize the acceptance of the change by an entry in the operational log.

3.2. Used overalls must be put in order, sleeves fastened, clothing tucked in so that there are no hanging ends.

3.3. Check the serviceability and suitability of protective equipment, devices:

• absence of external damage (integrity of the varnish cover of insulating protective equipment; absence of punctures, cracks, breaks in dielectric gloves and boots);
• the date of the next test (the expiration date is determined by the stamp).

3.4. It is necessary to check the availability and serviceability of the tool, which must meet the following requirements:

• handles of pliers, needle nose pliers and wire cutters must have protective insulation;
• the working part of the screwdriver must be well pointed, an insulating tube is put on the rod, leaving only the working part of the screwdriver open;
• wrenches should have parallel jaws, their working surfaces should not have knocked down bevels, and handles should not have burrs;
• the hammer handle should be oval in shape along its entire length, not have knots and cracks, and be firmly fixed in the tool.

3.5. The working tool should be stored in a portable tool box or bag.

3.6. Only factory-made portable luminaires should be used. A hand-held portable lamp should have a metal mesh, a hanging hook and a hose wire with a plug.

3.7. When working at height using a portable wooden ladder, make sure it is in good condition. At the lower ends it should be fitted with sharp tips for installation on the ground, and when using the ladder on smooth surfaces, they should be put on shoes made of rubber or other non-slip material.

3.8. Protective equipment, devices, tools and devices with defects or with an expired test period must be replaced with a suitable one and reported to your immediate supervisor.

4. Safety requirements during work

4.1. When performing work, it is not allowed to approach unshielded live parts under voltage at distances less than those indicated in Table 1 (clause 2.11).

When working with the use of electrical protective equipment (insulating rods, clamps, voltage indicators, etc.), a person is allowed to approach live parts at a distance determined by the length of the insulating part of these equipment.

4.2. Inspection of the serviced equipment is carried out according to the established route.

4.3. When inspecting electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, it is not allowed to open the doors of fences and barriers.

In electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V, during inspection, it is allowed to open the doors of switchboards, assemblies, control panels and other devices.

4.4. During inspections, it is not allowed to switch, remove posters and fences, penetrate them, perform any work or cleaning.

4.5. The electrician must make operational switching to the main switchboard at the direction of the higher operational personnel.

4.6. Operational switching must be performed without violating the blocking devices. If the blocking device does not allow to perform any operation, then the switching should be stopped and the higher operational personnel should be informed about this.

4.7. Training of workers in the places at the main control room and admission can be carried out only after obtaining permission from higher operational personnel. Permission must be obtained before starting work site preparation or admission.

4.8. The workplace should be prepared in accordance with the instructions of the order or order. If there is doubt about the sufficiency and correctness of the measures for the preparation of the workplace and the possibility of safe performance of work, this preparation should be stopped.

4.9. When performing operational work on current-carrying parts under voltage up to 1000 V, it is necessary:

• do not touch live parts located near the workplace under voltage;
• work in dielectric galoshes or standing on an insulating stand or on a dielectric mat;
• use a tool with insulating handles (screwdrivers must have an insulated shaft); in the absence of such a tool, use dielectric gloves.

Work in clothes with short or rolled up sleeves is not allowed.

4.10. If smoke or fire appears, increased crackling, increased noise in the switchgear cells, you must not approach these cells. This must be reported to the higher duty personnel.

4.11. Signal lamps may only be replaced under power using a special tool.

It is not allowed to replace the lamps directly by hand.

4.12. In the event of a ground fault in 6-35 kV electrical installations, approaching the detected fault location at a distance of less than 4 m in indoor switchgear (ZRU) and less than 8 m in open switchgear (ODG) is allowed only for operational switching in order to localize damage and free people under tension. In this case, you should use electrical protective equipment (dielectric boots, galoshes).

4.13. To eliminate errors and ensure the safety of operations, before switching, the electrician inspects the electrical installations on which operations are supposed to take place, checks their compliance with the given task and serviceability.

4.14. When switching on the cells of complete switchgears (KRU) from the place, it is mandatory to use devices for remote closing of the circuit breaker.

4.15. Switching on electrical equipment and in relay protection and automation devices (RPA), which are under the operational control of higher operational personnel, must be carried out by order, and those under his authority - with his permission.

Switching without the order of higher operational personnel and permission, but with its subsequent notification, is allowed to be performed in cases of urgency (accident, natural disaster, fire).

Operational personnel directly performing switching operations are not allowed to disable the safety interlocks without permission.

4.16. In electrical installations, work in a bent position is not allowed if, when straightening, the distance to live parts is less than that indicated in Table 1. When working near unshielded current-carrying parts, you must not position yourself so that these parts are at the back or on both sides.

4.17. It is unacceptable to touch, without the use of electrical protective equipment, the insulators of live equipment.

4.18. It is necessary to remove and install fuses when the voltage is off. Under voltage, but without load, it is allowed to remove and install fuses on connections in the circuit of which there are no switching devices that allow you to remove voltage.

Voltage transformer fuses can be replaced under voltage and under load.

4.19. When removing and installing fuses under voltage, you must use the following protective equipment:

• in electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V - insulating pliers or dielectric gloves and goggles;
• in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V - insulating tongs (rod) using dielectric gloves and goggles.

4.20. It is unacceptable to use uncalibrated fuses and fuses.

4.21. It is not allowed to replace lighting lamps in switchgear and battery rooms from ladders.

4.22. It is not allowed to work from portable ladders using portable and impact power tools with lifting and supporting heavy objects at a height.

4.23. Working with electrical clamps in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V is necessary for two electricians in dielectric gloves, without leaning towards the device to take readings.

4.24. In electrical installations up to 1000 V, it is not allowed to use "control" lamps to check the absence of voltage due to the risk of injury from an electric arc and glass fragments.

4.25. Measurement of insulation resistance with a megohmmeter must be carried out with the equipment turned off after removing the residual charge by grounding the equipment.

4.26. It is not allowed to smoke in the battery room, enter it with fire, use electric heaters, devices and tools that can spark.

4.27. It is not allowed to work with a percussion tool without protective glasses.

4.28. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, it is necessary to use a voltage indicator with dielectric gloves.

4.29. The use of metal ladders when servicing electrical installations with voltage up to 220 kV is not allowed.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In the event of an emergency (accident, fire, natural disaster), immediately stop work and report the situation to higher operational personnel.

5.2. In cases of urgency, perform the necessary switching with subsequent notification of higher operational personnel.

5.3. In the event of a fire:

5.3.1. Notify all workers in the production area and take measures to extinguish the fire. Burning parts of electrical installations and electrical wiring under voltage should be extinguished with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.

5.3.2. Take measures to call your immediate supervisor or other officials to the scene of the fire.

5.3.3. According to the operational situation, the local operational fire fighting plan should be acted upon.

5.4. In the event of an accident, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the impact of the traumatic factor, provide him with first (pre-medical) medical care and inform the immediate supervisor about the accident.

When releasing the victim from the action of electric current, it is necessary to ensure that you yourself do not come into contact with the current-carrying part or under step voltage.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

6.1. At the end of the shift, you must:

• all tools, fixtures, devices and protective equipment should be put in proper order and placed in special cabinets and on racks;
• to familiarize the shift host with all changes and malfunctions in the operation of the equipment that occurred during the shift, report on the equipment that is in reserve and repair, indicate where work is carried out on electrical equipment;
• report on the delivery of the shift to their superior duty personnel and issue the delivery of the shift by hand in the operational journal;
• take off overalls, put them and other personal protective equipment in the work clothes closet;
• wash or take a shower.

7. List of accepted abbreviations

• AGP Field extinguishing machine
• ACS Automated control system
• PBX Automatic telephone exchange
• VL Overhead power line
• VLAN Overhead communication line
• HF communication High-frequency communication
• Main control panel Main control panel
• ZRU Enclosed switchgear
• IC Measuring (test) stand
• CL Cable power line
• KLS Cable communication line
• KRU (KRUN) Complete switchgear of indoor (outdoor) installation
• KTP Complete transformer substation
• MTP Mast transformer substation
• NRP Unattended regeneration point
• NUP Unattended reinforcement point
• OVB Operational Field Brigade
• Outdoor switchgear
• OUP Serviced amplification point
• POR Work Management Design
• PPR Project for the production of works
• PRP HR Rules
• PUE Rules for the installation of electrical installations
• RZA Relay protection and automation
• RP Distribution point
• RU Switchgear
• SDTU Dispatch and process control facilities (cable and overhead lines of communication and telemechanics, high-frequency channels, communication and telemechanics devices)
• SMO Construction and installation organization
• SNiP Building codes and regulations
• TAI Devices for thermal automatics, thermal measurements and protection, means of remote control, signaling and technical means of automated control systems
• TP Transformer Substation
• EU Electrolysis Plant

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