Instructions for labor protection when servicing cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 500 kg

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Instructions for labor protection when servicing cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 500 kg

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

Introduction

This industry standard instruction has been developed taking into account the requirements of legislative and other regulatory legal acts containing state labor protection requirements specified in the "General safety requirements" section of this document, PB 10-382-00 "Rules for the design and safe operation of load-lifting cranes", approved by the resolution Gosgortekhnadzor dated December 31.12.99, 98 No. 17.08.2000, does not need state registration (letter of the Ministry of Justice of Russia dated August 6884, XNUMX No. XNUMX-ER) intersectoral labor protection rules (safety rules) during the operation of electrical installations and is intended for workers involved in the operation of cranes of the "Dip" type " and "Pioneer" (hereinafter employees) in the management, maintenance and preventive maintenance of these cranes according to their profession and qualifications.

General safety requirements

1. Employees not younger than 18 years of age, who have undergone appropriate training, have II electrical safety group and professional skills for operating the specified cranes, before being allowed to work independently, must pass:

mandatory preliminary (when applying for a job) and periodic (during employment) medical examinations (examinations) for recognition as fit for work in the manner established by the Ministry of Health of Russia;
training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, briefing on the protection of a corpse, internships at the workplace and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements.

2. Employees are obliged to comply with the requirements of this instruction, as well as the requirements of the instructions of manufacturers for the operation of cranes controlled by them to ensure protection from the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors associated with the nature of work:

finding a workplace near a height difference of 1,3 m or more;
increased voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body;
moving machines, mechanisms and their parts;
overturning of cars, falling of their parts.

3. To protect against general industrial pollution and mechanical impacts, employees are required to use work clothes provided by employers free of charge, issued according to standards depending on the profession or type of work performed.

Workers must wear protective helmets when on site.

4. Being on the territory of the construction (production) site, in production and amenity premises, work sites and workplaces, employees are obliged to comply with the internal labor regulations adopted in this organization.

Admission of unauthorized persons, as well as employees in a state of intoxication to these places is prohibited.

5. In the course of daily activities, employees must:

apply during the operation of the machine for its intended purpose, in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturers;
maintain the machine in a technically sound condition, preventing operation with malfunctions in which operation is prohibited;
be careful during work and avoid violations of labor safety requirements.

6. Employees are obliged to immediately notify their immediate or higher supervisor of any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about each accident that occurred at work, or about the deterioration of their health, including the appearance of an acute occupational disease (poisoning).

Safety requirements before starting work

7. Before starting work, employees must:

put on overalls, special footwear of the established sample;
present to the work manager a certificate of knowledge of safe work methods and receive a task, taking into account labor safety, based on the specifics of the work performed.

8. After receiving an assignment to perform work, employees must:

a) check the serviceability of crane structures and mechanisms, including:

inspect the crane mechanisms, their fastening and brakes, as well as the running gear;
check the presence and serviceability of the mechanism guards;
check the lubrication of gears, bearings and ropes, as well as the condition of lubricators and glands;
inspect in accessible places metal structures and joints of boom sections and elements of its suspension, as well as metal structures and welded joints of the running frame and the turning part;
inspect the hook and its fastening in the cage;
check the availability and serviceability of safety devices and devices on the crane (limit switches, load limiter, etc.);
inspect the electrical installations of the crane;

b) together with the slinger, check the compliance of removable load-handling devices with the mass and nature of the cargo, their serviceability and the presence of stamps or tags on them indicating the carrying capacity, test date and number;

c) inspect the installation site and the area of operation of the crane and make sure that the slope of the terrain, the dimensions of the approach of buildings, as well as the distance to the power line comply with the requirements specified in the operating instructions for the crane.

9. Employees are obliged not to start work in case of the following violations of safety requirements:

a) in case of malfunctions or defects specified in the instructions of manufacturers, in which their operation is not allowed;

b) defects in load-handling devices or their inconsistency with the nature of the work performed;

c) non-compliance of the characteristics of the crane in terms of lifting capacity and boom reach with the conditions of work;

d) the presence of people, machines or equipment in the work area.

Detected violations of labor safety requirements must be eliminated on their own, and if it is impossible to do this, employees must immediately report them to the person responsible for the safe operation of cranes, as well as the person responsible for the safe operation of the crane.

Safety requirements during work

10. Employees while operating the crane should not be distracted from their direct duties, as well as clean, lubricate and repair mechanisms.

11. Before switching on the mechanisms for moving cargo, the driver must make sure that there are no unauthorized persons in the area of cargo movement and give a warning sound signal.

12. During work, the employee must comply with the following requirements:

a) move the load at the signal of the slinger. The signal "Stop" the driver is obliged to carry out regardless of who gave it;

b) prevent the inclined position of the cargo rope;

c) control the actions of the slinger when slinging (tying) the cargo to be moved by the crane;

d) when lifting, fix the load at a height of 20-30 cm in order to make sure that its slinging is correct, the slinger exits the danger zone, the crane is stable and the brakes are in good condition, and then it is further lifted to the required height;

e) the supply of cargo into the pit, trench, pit should be carried out if there are at least 1,5 turns of the rope on the drum of the cargo winch (in the lower position of the cargo), not counting those under the clamping device;

f) when lifting the load, do not allow the clip to approach the head of the crane boom at a distance of less than 0,5 m;

g) make sure that there are no people in the danger zone of the transported cargo.

13. When lifting and moving loads, an employee is prohibited from:

a) allow persons who do not have a slinger's certificate to sling cargo;

b) lift and move goods by crane in the absence of slinging schemes and instructions on the mass of goods being moved;

c) lift or turn over a load, the mass of which exceeds the lifting capacity of the crane;

d) pull the load with a crane hook with an oblique tension of the ropes;

e) hook off a load covered with earth or frozen to the base, laid by other loads, reinforced with bolts or poured with concrete, as well as swing the load in order to detach it;

e) to release the removable load-handling devices jammed by the load with a crane;

g) lift reinforced concrete products with damaged hinges;

h) deliver goods to window or door openings if they do not have receiving areas;

i) transfer control of the crane to a person who does not have the appropriate certificate for this, and also leave students or trainees without control for work;

j) lift cylinders with compressed or liquefied gas that are not placed in special containers;

k) lift bricks, tiles and other small-piece materials stacked on pallets without the use of containers and other lifting devices that prevent the load from falling during movement.

14. During the maintenance of the crane, the employee is obliged to take measures to prevent accidental voltage supply and activation of the electric drive.

The connection of the crane to the network must be carried out by the electrician on duty. Other employees are prohibited from independently connecting the gas blower to the mains and to the grounding center.

15. During the daily maintenance of the crane, the employee must:

a) ensure the cleanliness and serviceability of the crane mechanisms;

b) timely lubricate the rubbing parts of the crane in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer's instructions;

c) store lubricants and cleaning materials in a closed metal container;

d) make sure that there are no loose objects on the crane structure and its mechanisms.

Safety requirements in emergency situations

16. The employee is obliged to lower the load, stop the operation of the crane and notify the person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes, as well as the person responsible for maintaining the lifting machines in good condition, in the following cases:

a) in the event of malfunctions of the crane mechanisms, in which, according to the requirements of the manufacturer's instructions, its operation is prohibited;

b) when the wind speed exceeds the allowable for this crane;

c) in case of deterioration of visibility, heavy snowfall and fog, when the employee does not distinguish between the signals of the slinger and the load being moved;

d) at a negative air temperature below the permissible value indicated in the crane's passport;

e) when the rope is twisted or worn, exceeding the values \uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbspecified in the standards for rejecting ropes of hoisting machines;

f) with frequent operation of an electrical, thermal or other protective device.

Safety requirements at the end of work

16. Upon completion of work, the employee must:

a) lower the load to the ground, remove the slings and raise the hook to the top position;

b) set the boom to the position determined by the manufacturer's instructions for the installation and operation of the crane;

c) turn off the switch on the switchboard and lock the switchboard;

d) inform the shift worker, as well as the person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes, of all problems that have arisen during work.

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