Instruction on labor protection for the driver of a trailed grader

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection for the driver of a trailed grader. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General provisions

1.1. To drive a trailed grader are allowed persons who have reached the age of 18, have a certificate for the right to drive a trailed grader and are recognized by the medical commission as fit for this work.

1.2. The driver of the trailer grader, who is hired, must undergo an introductory briefing on labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire safety, techniques and methods of providing first aid to victims, must be familiarized with the working conditions, rights and benefits for working in harmful and dangerous conditions against signature labor, on the rules of conduct in case of accidents.

Before starting work directly at the workplace, the driver of the trailed grader must undergo an initial briefing on safe methods of work.

On the conduct of introductory briefing and briefing at the workplace, appropriate entries are made in the Logbook for the registration of introductory briefings on labor protection issues and the Logbook for the registration of briefings on labor protection issues. At the same time, the signatures of both the one who was instructed and the one who instructed are required.

1.3. The trailer grader driver after the initial briefing at the workplace must undergo an internship for 2-15 shifts (depending on length of service, experience and nature of work) under the guidance of an experienced qualified grader driver, who is appointed by order (instruction) for the enterprise.

1.4. Repeated briefing on the rules and methods of safe work and labor protection, the operator of the trailed grader must pass:

periodically, at least once a quarter;
with unsatisfactory knowledge of labor protection no later than a month;
in connection with an admitted case of injury or violation of labor protection requirements that did not lead to injury.

1.5. When working, the driver of the trailed grader must comply with the requirements of the Grader Operating Instructions. A defective grader must not be operated.

1.6. The grader must have a set of tools, which is stored in a special box.

A first aid kit and a tank with drinking water for the grader driver must be in the cab of the tractor-tractor.

1.7. It is necessary to work on graders in overalls, special footwear provided for by the Model Industry Standards: cotton overalls, combined two-toed mittens and a signal vest. In addition, on external robots in winter - in a cotton jacket with an insulated lining, cotton trousers with an insulated lining.

Overalls must be in good working order and correspond to the height and size of the driver. It is forbidden to work in clothes impregnated with fuels and lubricants.

1.8. When repairing and inspecting graders, it is necessary to use only serviceable tools and a portable electric lamp (voltage not exceeding 36 V), which has a protective grid.

1.9. For the stability of the jack when lifting the graders, it is necessary to use strong pads under the base of the jack, while the machine should be braked with a hand brake, and stops should be installed under the wheels.

1.10. Controls and instruments must be kept clean, dry, and grader work areas free from foreign objects.

1.11. Do not store cleaning materials soaked or wet with fuel, gasoline, kerosene or other flammable substances on the grader.

1.12. The grader operator should not work in areas where there are trees, stumps and large stones.

1.13. Work by graders in the area of underground utilities (electric cable, gas pipeline, etc.) is allowed with the written permission of the organizations responsible for their operation.

1.14. If unforeseen underground communications (structures) are identified, grader work in this area should be stopped until a permit for work is received from the relevant organizations.

1.15. When performing work in the protected area, near power lines, the grader operator is issued a work permit for carrying out work of increased danger.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, the grader driver and the tractor driver must simultaneously be instructed by the work supervisor (foreman, foreman) on the use of signals to start movement, stop and change speed.

2.2. The trailer grader operator must:

check the serviceability of the clutch (joint) of the grader with the tractor;
check the condition of steel ropes and chains, all veneer, bolt and wedge connections;
make sure that all shafts and axles are securely fastened, towing chains and cables have special hooks and eyelets (it is forbidden to use towing cables and chains with knots).

The observed malfunctions must be eliminated and make sure that the rod that passes inside the shock absorber spring is securely fastened, and the lock nuts are screwed onto the coupling bolt.

2.3. Before moving off, the driver must make sure that there are no people between the tractor and the trailed grader.

2.4. When transporting a trailed grader by road by a tractor, the requirements of the "Rules of the Road" must be observed. The driving speed must not exceed 10 km/h. When transporting, it is necessary to monitor the displacement of the trailer-grader relative to the trajectory of the tractor (no more than 0,3 m) and its exit beyond the boundaries of the traffic lane to the side of the road or the lane of oncoming traffic.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. During operation, the driver must:

monitor the smooth movement of the grader;
avoid jerking, sharp turns, exceeding the permissible speeds of movement;
monitor the normal loading of the machine by changing the angle of capture and the depth of penetration of the soil;
stop work when groundwater appears with an average and strong inflow;
give a signal and stop the machine in case of malfunctions (loosening of bolted connections, partial disengagement, running failure, different knocking, etc.).

3.2. During the movement of the trailed grader, the driver must be on the control platform and not let go of the steering wheel or the handle of the control mechanism.

3.3. It is necessary to work with a trailed grader on a flexible coupling using a cable 7,5-10,0 m long. Working on a rigid coupling is allowed only during the first pass.

3.4. During operation, the driver is prohibited from:

descend and ascend the grader;
sit on the axles and frame of the machine;
be between the grader and the tractor-tractor and go over towing chains, cables, etc.;
remove roots and stones from under the slope;
work on a grader on slopes whose height exceeds: when ascending 25°, when descending 30°, when transverse slopes are 10°;
cut the slopes of embankments with a height of more than 2 m with the grader's mowing knife lowered down, which goes along the main area of the embankment;
work on clay soils during and after rain and in the presence of transverse slopes over 8 °.

3.5. It is necessary to distinguish the soil on freshly poured embankments with a height of more than 1,5 m with particular care. The distance between the edge of the subgrade and the tractor caterpillar must be at least 1,0 m, depending on the specific conditions of the work.

3.6. Coupling, uncoupling, changing knives, setting the baffle and extension should be carried out in canvas gloves.

The installation of the slope and extension, the removal of the knife to the side for cutting slopes, as well as the rearrangement of the knife must be carried out by two workers.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. After finishing work, the driver must:

brake the grader and put the levers in the neutral position;
clean the working bodies from sticky soil;
put the car in the designated place.

4.2. Inspect the machine and inform the shift workers and the mechanic about all noticed malfunctions or write it down in the shift acceptance and delivery log.

4.3. It is forbidden to leave the grader closer than 10 m to public roads, to fire roads, opposite exit roads, to exits to bridges and railway crossings.

4.4. After finishing the work, the grader operator must take off the overalls, clean them from dust and other dirt and take them to the place designated for storage. Then wash your face and hands with warm water and soap or take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In case of malfunctions (loosening of bolted connections, partial disengagement, malfunction of the stroke, sharp knocking, etc.), it is necessary to stop the grader and take measures to eliminate them.

5.2. If a leak is detected in the tank, fuel and oil lines of the tractor, it must be eliminated immediately. Spills of fuel and oil should be wiped dry.

5.3. In the event of a possible rollover of the grader trailer, give a signal and stop the machine, inspect the condition of the ground and the trajectory of further movement and, if necessary, perform appropriate maneuvers of the tractor to prevent the trailer from rolling over.

5.4. If during operation suspicious noises, crackling, grinding or other unusual phenomena appear outside the tractor, you should stop the machine, check the coupling device, chassis and control system of the grader trailer, and eliminate the noticed malfunctions.

5.5. If a fire breaks out on the tractor or near it, the driver must turn off the fuel line taps, take measures to extinguish the fire using a powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, sand, soil, tarpaulin or felt.

5.6. In case of accidents, the tractor driver and the grader driver must provide the victim with first aid and, if necessary, call for emergency medical assistance and inform the administration about what happened.

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