Instructions for labor protection for the sand sprayer driver

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection for the driver of the sand sprayer. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General provisions

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who are recognized as fit for this work by a medical commission and who have a certificate for the right to drive the machine are allowed to work on the sander.

1.2. The sand sprayer driver who is hired must undergo an introductory briefing on labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire safety, methods and methods of providing first aid to victims, must be familiarized with the working conditions, rights and benefits for working in harmful and dangerous working conditions against signature , on the rules of conduct in the event of an accident.

Before starting work directly at the workplace, the driver must undergo an initial briefing on safe methods of work.

On the conduct of introductory briefing and briefing at the workplace, appropriate entries are made in the Logbook for the registration of introductory briefings on labor protection issues and the Logbook for the registration of briefings on labor protection issues. At the same time, the signatures of both the one who was instructed and the one who instructed are required.

1.3. Repeated briefing on the rules and methods of safe work and labor protection, the driver must take place quarterly.

1.4. A driver who has unsatisfactory knowledge of labor protection must undergo re-training no later than a month.

1.5. The driver must work in special clothing and footwear provided for by the Model Industry Standards: cotton overalls, tarpaulin boots, combined two-fingered mittens.

In winter: cotton jacket and trousers with insulated lining.

When performing work on the maintenance of roads, a signal vest is additionally put on.

Overalls, safety shoes and personal protective equipment must be in good working order and correspond to height and size. It is forbidden to work in clothes impregnated with fuels and lubricants.

1.6. The specified machine must have a set of tools, which is stored in a special box.

Only the correct tool must be used.

1.7. It is forbidden to allow persons who do not have the right to maintain and repair the machine.

1.8. The technical condition of the machine must comply with the requirements of the Operating Instructions for the sander.

1.9. In the event of a malfunction of the fuel system, the driver is forbidden in all cases to start the engine by pouring gasoline into the carburetor directly from the container with a hose or in another way.

1.10. It is forbidden for the driver to smoke and bring an open flame to the machine when refueling it with gasoline and checking the engine power system.

1.11. To facilitate starting the engine in winter, fluids with a low freezing point (antifreeze) should be used in the cooling system.

When using antifreeze in the cooling system, the driver must comply with safety requirements in accordance with DNAOP 0.00.-1.28-97 "Rules for labor protection in road transport."

1.12. The driver must not rest or sleep in the cab while stationary with the engine running.

1.13. It is forbidden to store the sander outside the places specially designed for this.

1.14. When testing the brakes of the machine on the move, the following requirements must be observed:

the site must be flat, with a hard surface, without potholes and slopes;
the dimensions of the site should exclude the possibility of a car colliding with people, buildings, etc. in the event of a brake failure;
stay of unauthorized persons in the cab of the car, on the footboard, etc. prohibited.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before leaving the line, the driver must check the technical condition of the vehicle, which guarantees traffic safety and uninterrupted operation on the line, paying special attention to the fastening of the transfer box of the sprayer drive gearbox:

drive belt tension;
operation of the conveyor chain;
lack of knocking of cardan shafts in the drive mechanism of the atomizer;
fastening the body frame to the side members of the machine;
gap between the ribs of the spray disc and the hopper casing (it should be no more than 30 mm);
gap between the upper shelf of the scraper and the lower edge of the rear wall of the body (it should not be more than 50 mm);
no knocking in the spray disc;
tightening nuts and screws, the presence and reliability of the installation of cotter pins;
reliability of fastening of the sand sprayer hopper in the car body and the power take-off device;
no oil leakage in the gearbox;
fastening of the gearboxes of the conveyor drive, conical disc drive, transfer case, cardan shaft and, if necessary, tighten;
scraper conveyor tension, scrapers skew (the latter is not allowed). Identified faults must be eliminated;
absence of foreign objects in the bunker.

2.2. If during the inspection of the car and its equipment, deficiencies are revealed, and it is impossible to eliminate them on their own, then the driver, without starting work, must inform the mechanic about this.

2.3. Outside the cab, in a place accessible for use, there must be two easily removable fire extinguishers with a capacity of at least 2 liters (powder and carbon dioxide).

2.4. The speed of movement of the sand sprayer on the territory of the sand depot should not exceed 10 km/h, and in industrial premises - 5 km/h.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. When working on the line, the driver must comply with the Rules of the Road of Ukraine.

3.2. Leaving the cab on the carriageway, the driver must make sure that there is no traffic.

3.3. Before loading with sand, the body of the gritter, tray and disc should be cleaned of frozen sand, stone and other objects.

3.4. The sand sprayer driver must monitor the loading of sand into the body, avoiding the ingress of frozen sand, stone and other objects.

3.5. During operation and maintenance of the sander, it is prohibited:

push the sand into the hopper with a crowbar, shovel or other object while the disk is rotating and manually feed the sand from the body onto the spray disk and the road surface;
carry out inspection, adjustment and fixing work: lubricate, clean, repair the mechanisms of the sand sprayer (conveyor, body, spray disc, etc.) with the engine running;
be in the body or on the disc deflector when the engine is running.

3.6. Do not perform any maintenance or repairs on the machine while the engine is running, other than adjusting the engine and brakes, and do not stay under the machine.

3.7. The sander, which is sent to the maintenance or repair post, should be cleaned of dirt, snow and washed.

3.8. If during repair it is necessary to remove the wheels, then it is necessary to place stands under the frame of the machine, and stops (shoes) under the wheels that have not been removed.

It is forbidden to carry out any work on the machine with the wheels removed, hung only on the jacks themselves.

It is forbidden to put wheel disks, boards, bricks and other objects under the suspended machine.

3.9. It is necessary to remove, transport and install individual aggregates of the sand sprayer using lifting and transport mechanisms equipped with devices (captures) that guarantee the safety of work.

3.10. When towing defective machines, the following rules must be observed:

the towed machine must have serviceable brakes, and in the event of a malfunction, their towing must be carried out on a rigid clutch;
transport a car with a faulty front axle and steering on the platform of another car;
only the driver can be on the towed car;
the towed machine must have a working sound signal;
connect the towed machine with a metal rod, a strong steel rope or a chain of the required length, with a colored flag in the middle;
the length of the flexible coupling can be 4-6 m, and the connecting link of the rigid coupling - no more than 4 m;
at night, the rope, chain or rod when towing the machine must be well lit by the headlights of the towed machine.

It is forbidden to tow a faulty sander with ropes, wires.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. At the end of the work it is necessary to turn off the spray disc of the sander.

4.2. After returning from the line, you should inspect the machine together with the mechanic, eliminate the identified malfunctions.

4.3. After finishing work, you must:

clean the mechanism of dirt and sand, put the sander in the parking lot in the designated place;
check that there is no leakage of lubricating oil from the gearbox.

4.4. At the end of the work, the sand sprayer operator must remove the overalls, clean them of dust and other dirt and put them in the place provided for storage. Then wash your face and hands with soap and water or take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. If a malfunction occurs in the sand sprayer, which poses a threat to traffic safety and the preservation of the machine, the driver must take measures to eliminate the malfunction.

5.2. The driver should be aware that open flames near the openings of the battery plugs are dangerous, as they can cause an explosion of the electrolyte gas that is released.

5.3. If a leak is detected in tanks, fuel and oil lines, it must be eliminated immediately. Wipe spills dry.

5.4. If there is a smell of gasoline during operation, the machine should be stopped immediately, the cause of the smell should be found and the fault repaired.

5.5. If gasoline flares up, extinguish the flame with a powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, tarpaulin, sand.

5.6. If it is not possible to extinguish the fire on your own, you must call the nearest fire brigade by telephone or other means of communication.

5.7. In the event of an accident, the sand sprayer driver must be able to provide the victim with first aid and call for prompt medical assistance.

6. Additional requirements

6.1. The speed of the sander during sand spreading:

on the chassis of the car - 25-30 km / h;
based on a wheeled tractor - up to 18 km/h.

6.2. The speed of the sander when driving on the highway:

on the chassis of the car - 80 km / h;
based on a wheeled tractor - 20-25 km / h.

6.3. Responsibilities of the driver of the sand sprayer in the winter.

6.3.1. To ensure reliable operation of the sander in winter, the driver must prepare it for operation in low temperatures in a timely manner.

6.3.2. The preparation of the sand sprayer must be carried out in accordance with the current regulation, which determines the procedure for maintenance and repair, as well as the instructions of the manufacturers, taking into account the road and climatic conditions of its operation.

6.3.3. When preparing the sand sprayer for operation in the winter period, the following main work must be performed:

replacement of oils, lubricating oils and special liquids in units and mechanisms with oils, lubricating oils and liquids corresponding to the winter period of the year, in accordance with factory instructions and their application;
checking the condition and operation of the cooling system of the device for removing condensate from the pneumatic brake system, vehicle heating devices, engine starting heaters;
cleaning of pollution and washing of fuel tanks, fuel filters, fuel lines, gasoline pump, carburetor;
checking the condition and charge of the batteries, determining the density of the electrolyte in the batteries, adjusting the relay-regulator in accordance with the rules for operating car batteries in the winter;
installation of means of engine insulation on the vehicle, performance of other works established by the regulations on maintenance and repair, which determine the maintenance procedure.

6.3.4. To facilitate starting the engine in winter, it is advisable to use liquids with a low freezing point (antifreeze) in the cooling system.

6.3.5. For a sand sprayer that is operated in the winter, the following must be additionally provided:

filling units with oils, lubricating oils and working fluids, which ensure its ability to work at low temperatures;
battery insulation;
prevention of freezing of cabin window glasses is provided by wiping them with a mixture of salt and glycerin;
the possibility of maintaining the required air temperature in the cabin with the help of a stationary heater.

6.3.6. Non-garage storage of sand sprayers during the off-season period is carried out on open parking areas, which must be equipped with devices to ensure reliable engine start using hot air, infrared gas burners, electric heating elements, individual starting heaters, hot water, steam and other means.

6.3.7. At night and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of the degree of illumination of the road, the dipped (high) beam headlights must be switched on on a moving sand sprayer.

6.3.8. The main beam should be switched to low beam at least 250 m before an oncoming vehicle, and also when it can dazzle other drivers, in particular those moving in the same direction. The light is switched at a greater distance if the driver of an oncoming vehicle indicates the need for this by periodically switching the headlights.

In case of blinding, the driver must turn on the hazard warning lights and, without changing lanes, reduce speed or stop.

6.3.9. During a forced stop and parking on unlit sections of roads at night and in conditions of insufficient visibility, the marker or parking lights must be turned on on the sander (in conditions of insufficient visibility, it is allowed to turn on the dipped beam or fog lights and rear fog lights).

If the parking lights are out of order, the sander should be removed from the carriageway.

6.3.10. Fog lights should be used in conditions of insufficient visibility, both individually and with low or high beam headlights, and at night on unlit sections of roads - only together with low or high beam headlights.

6.3.11. Do not connect rear fog lights to brake lights.

6.3.12. Emergency light signaling must be switched on:

in the event of a forced stop;
if the driver is blinded by headlights;
on a vehicle that moves with technical malfunctions, unless such movement is prohibited by the Rules;
on a vehicle that is being towed (if the signaling is missing or damaged, this vehicle must be marked with an emergency stop sign, which is attached to it at the back);
to inform drivers about the occurrence of traffic jams.

6.3.13. Together with the activation of the emergency light signaling, an emergency stop sign or a flashing red light should be installed at a distance that ensures traffic safety, but not closer than 20 m to the vehicle in populated areas and 40 m outside them, in case of:

road traffic accident;
forced stop in places where, taking into account the available visibility, the vehicle cannot be noticed in a timely manner by other drivers.

6.3.14. If the sander is not equipped with a hazard warning light or if it is defective, a warning triangle or a flashing red light must be installed.

6.3.15. Do not operate the sander with defective windshield wipers.

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