Instruction on labor protection for the driver (crane operator) of a self-propelled jib crane

Free technical library

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Instructions on labor protection for the driver (crane operator) of a self-propelled jib crane. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Comments on the article

Safe Operation

General labor protection requirements

1. To perform the duties of a crane operator, persons no younger than 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, vocational training under the relevant program and certification by a qualification commission, introductory training in labor safety, briefing at the workplace, internship at the workplace for 12-15 shifts, verification of knowledge (admission) in the commission of the organization.

2. To control a self-propelled jib crane, the management of the organization appoints a car driver who has a certificate for the right to operate cranes of this type. A certified operator of cranes of all types is issued an appropriate certificate signed by the chairman of the commission and a representative of the local Gospromnadzor body. The driver's license must indicate the type of crane he is authorized to operate.

During work, the driver must have a certificate with him.

3. Before being allowed to work independently, the driver is tested for knowledge of the manufacturer's instructions for the installation and operation of the crane on which he is allowed to work, and receives this Instruction against receipt. In addition, schemes for the correct tying and hooking of goods must be issued to the driver or hung out in the places of work by a crane.

4. Re-testing the knowledge of the driver is carried out by the qualification commission of the organization:

periodically, at least once every 1 months;
when an employee moves to another place of work;
at the request of the person responsible for the supervision of cranes at the enterprise, or the inspector of Gospromnadzor.

5. A trained and licensed crane driver must:

know this manual, as well as the manufacturer's instructions for the installation and operation of the crane;
know the device of the crane, the device and purpose of its mechanisms and safety devices;
possess the skills required to operate and maintain crane mechanisms;
know the factors affecting the stability of the crane, and the reasons for the loss of stability;
know the range and purpose of lubricants used to lubricate the rubbing parts of the crane;
know the procedure for exchanging signals with the slinger established at the enterprise;
know safe methods of slinging, securing cargo and warehousing;
be able to determine the suitability for work of ropes, removable load-handling devices;
know the procedure for performing work by a crane near a power line established by the Rules for the Safe Operation of Cranes;
know the methods of relieving persons under voltage from the action of the current, and how to provide them with first aid;
know the persons responsible for the good condition of cranes and the safe performance of work by cranes.

6. To hang the load on the hook of a crane controlled from the control cabin, at least two slingers must be appointed, one of them is appointed as a senior.

7. In cases where the area served by the crane is not fully visible from the driver's cab, and there is no radio or telephone connection between the driver and the slinger, a signalman from among the slingers should be assigned to the driver to transmit signals by a person responsible for the safe performance of work on moving goods.

8. The driver controls the work of the slinger, is responsible for the actions of the student attached to him for the internship and for violating the instructions for managing and maintaining the crane set out in this Instruction.

9. The driver must:

comply with the internal labor regulations of the organization;
know how to provide first aid in case of accidents;
know and follow the rules of personal hygiene;
exercise caution while on the territory of the organization;
comply with fire safety requirements, know the procedure in case of fire, be able to use primary fire extinguishing means;
immediately inform the immediate supervisor of any accident or illness;
correctly use the personal protective equipment (PPE) provided to him.

10. The driver is prohibited from performing work while in a state of alcoholic intoxication or in a state caused by the use of narcotic drugs, psychotropic or toxic substances, as well as drinking alcohol, using narcotic drugs, psychotropic or toxic substances at the workplace or during working hours.

Smoking on the territory of the organization is allowed only in specially designated areas.

11. During work, the driver may be exposed to the following hazardous and harmful production factors:

moving machines and mechanisms, moving products, blanks, materials;
high or low air temperature in the workplace;
increased noise and vibration levels;
insufficient illumination of the working area;
increased voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body;
sharp-edged tools.

12. The driver, in accordance with the standard norms for the free issuance of personal protective equipment, is provided with:

cotton suit;
leather or tarpaulin boots;
cotton mittens;
protective helmet;
jacket and trousers with insulating lining;
felted shoes and galoshes for felted shoes;
cloth helmet.

13. The crane operator is responsible for violation of the requirements of this instruction in the manner prescribed by the Internal Labor Regulations of the organization and the current legislation of the Republic of Belarus.

Occupational safety requirements before starting work

14. If the crane was not inspected before sending it to work, then the driver, before starting work, must make sure that all mechanisms, metal structures and other parts of the crane are in good condition, as well as that the soil is reliable at the site of the upcoming crane operation. To do this, the driver must:

inspect the crane mechanisms, their fastening and brakes, as well as the undercarriage, the metal structures of the boom;
check the presence and serviceability of the mechanism guards;
check the lubrication of gears, mechanisms and ropes, as well as the condition of lubricating devices and glands;
inspect in accessible places metal structures and joints of sections of the boom and its suspension elements (ropes, braces, blocks, earrings, etc.), as well as metal structures and welded seams of the running frame and the turning part;
inspect in accessible places the condition of the ropes and their fastening on the drum, boom, as well as the laying of ropes in the streams of blocks and drums;
inspect the hook and its attachment to the clip;
check the serviceability of additional supports, stabilizers;
check the completeness of the counterweight, as well as the reliability of its fastening;
check the availability and serviceability of safety devices and devices on the crane (limit switches, load indicators depending on the boom reach, crane tilt indicator, signal device, load limiter, etc.);
check the serviceability of the crane lighting;
when accepting a crane with a hydraulic drive, inspect the drive system, flexible hoses, pumps, safety valves on shut-off lines.

15. The driver is obliged, together with the slinger, to check the serviceability of removable load-handling devices and the presence of stamps or tags on them indicating the carrying capacity, test date and number.

16. When accepting a working crane, it must be inspected together with the driver handing over the shift.

17. Inspection of the crane should be carried out only when the mechanisms are not working.

18. When inspecting a crane, the driver must use a portable lamp with a voltage not exceeding 42V.

19. After inspecting the crane before putting it into operation, the driver, having made sure that the required approach dimensions are observed, is obliged to test the mechanisms at idle and check the correct operation:

crane mechanisms and electrical equipment;
devices and safety devices available on the crane;
brakes;
hydraulic systems.

20. If, during the inspection and testing of the crane, faults or shortcomings in its condition that impede safe operation are detected, and it is impossible to eliminate them on their own, the driver, without starting work, reports this to the person responsible for the good condition of the crane, and informs the person responsible for the safe operation of cranes.

The operator should not start working on the crane in the presence of the following faults:

there are cracks or deformations in the metal structures of the crane;
cracks were found in the boom suspension elements (earrings, rods, etc.), there are no cotter pins and previously existing clamps in the places where the ropes are fastened, or the fastening is loosened;
boom or cargo rope has a number of broken wires or surface wear exceeding the established norm broken strand or local damage;
the mechanism for lifting the load or boom has defects that threaten the safety of work;
parts of the brake mechanism for lifting the load or boom are damaged;
there is wear of the hooks in the throat, exceeding 10% of the initial height of the section, the device that closes the hook mouth is faulty, the fastening of the hook in the cage is broken;
faulty or missing load limiter or signaling device;
additional supports, stabilizers are damaged or not completed;
there is no fencing of mechanisms or bare current-carrying parts of electrical equipment.

21. Before starting work, the crane operator must make sure that the workplace is sufficiently illuminated, and when the truck crane is operating, fix the stabilizer to relieve the load from the springs.

22. Having made the acceptance of the crane, the driver makes the established record of the results of acceptance in the logbook, and after receiving the task from the person responsible for the safe production of work by cranes, he starts work according to the order received.

23. Before starting work, the driver must check that the slinger has a certificate for the right to work, if the slinger starts working with him for the first time. If workers who do not have a slinger's certificate are allocated for the performance of work on slinging cargo, then the driver should not start work.

Occupational safety requirements during work

24. During the operation of the crane mechanisms, the driver must not be distracted from his direct duties, as well as clean, lubricate and repair the mechanisms.

25. When servicing the crane by two persons - the driver and his assistant, as well as if there is an intern on the crane, none of them has the right to leave the crane even for a short time without warning each other about it. In case of absence, the driver is obliged to turn off the engine that sets the crane mechanisms in motion, remove the ignition key.

26. Before making any movement with the crane, the driver must make sure that the trainee is in a safe place, and there are no strangers in the crane operation area.

27. The driver is prohibited from disabling safety devices (jamming contactors, turning off lift and load limiters, brake electromagnets, electrical protection, etc.), as well as working with a crane if they fail.

28. If there was a break in the operation of the crane mechanisms, then before the crane moves or the boom turns, the driver must give a warning signal.

29. The movement of the crane under the power line should be carried out with the boom lowered (in the transport position).

30. When moving a crane with a load, the position of the boom and the lifting capacity of the crane must be set in accordance with the instructions contained in the installation and operation instructions for the crane. It is not allowed to simultaneously move the crane and turn the boom.

31. The driver is obliged to install the crane on additional supports in all cases when such an installation is required according to the characteristics of the crane, while he must ensure that the supports are in good order and that strong and reliable gaskets are placed under them or cages are lined with sleepers. The crane must be installed on all additional supports provided for this crane. It is forbidden to stay in the driver's cab when the crane is installed on additional supports, as well as when it is released from the supports. Linings must be inventory accessories of the crane and be constantly on the crane.

32. Installation of a crane on scaffolds and ceilings can be carried out only with the written permission of the administration of the enterprise operating the crane, and only after checking the strength of floors and scaffolds. The installation of truck cranes on the edge of a slope or trench is allowed only with the written permission of the administration of the enterprise, subject to the distances from the slope or trench to the nearest support not less than those provided for by safety rules. If these distances cannot be observed, the slope must be reinforced.

33. Work in places where reliable stability of the crane is not ensured is not allowed.

34. Joint work on lifting and moving cargo with two or more cranes should be carried out in accordance with the project for the production of work developed by a special organization, which should contain schemes for slinging and moving cargo, indicating the sequence of operations, the position of cargo ropes, and also contain requirements for preparation and condition of the track, and other instructions for the safe lifting and movement of cargo. Work must be carried out under the direct supervision of a person responsible for the safe operation of cranes. At the same time, the load falling on each crane should not exceed its carrying capacity.

35. When lifting and moving cargo, the driver must be guided by the following rules:

operate the crane only at the signal of the slinger. If the slinger gives a signal, acting contrary to the instructions, then the driver must not perform a maneuver on such a signal. For damage caused by the action of the crane due to the execution of an incorrectly given signal, both the driver and the slinger who gave the wrong signal are responsible. The exchange of signals between the slinger and the driver must be carried out according to the procedure established by the enterprise. The signal "Stop" must be carried out by the driver, regardless of who gives it;
determine the lifting capacity of the crane for each outreach of the boom according to the load capacity indicator. When the crane is operating on a slope, when the boom reach indicator does not take into account the slope, the boom reach is determined by actual measurement, while measuring the horizontal distance from the axis of the central column of the crane to the center of the freely hanging hook;
before lifting the load, warn the slinger and all persons near the crane about the need to leave the area of the load being lifted and the possible lowering of the boom. The movement of cargo can only be carried out if there are no people in the crane operation area;
when loading, unloading trolleys, wagons, motor vehicles and trailers for them, the operation of the crane is allowed only when there are no people on the vehicles, which the driver must first verify;
install the hook of the lifting mechanism above the load so that when lifting the load, the oblique tension of the rope is excluded;
when lifting a load with a mass close to the permitted carrying capacity for a given boom reach, it is necessary to first raise it to a height of no more than 200 - 300 mm to make sure that the crane is stable and the brakes work properly, and then lift it to the desired height;
when lifting the load, the distance between the hook holder and the blocks on the boom must be at least 0,5 m;
loads moving in a horizontal direction should be preliminarily lifted 0,5 m above the objects and structures encountered on the way;
when lifting the boom, make sure that it does not rise above the position corresponding to the smallest working reach;
when lifting and lowering a load located near a wall, column, stack, railway car, motor vehicle, machine or other equipment, first make sure that there is no slinger and other people between the load being lifted and the specified parts of the building, vehicles or equipment, as well as the impossibility of touching boom or lifted load behind walls, columns, wagons, etc. Loading into gondola cars, platforms and wagons, as well as removing it must be carried out without disturbing the balance of gondola wagons, wagons and platforms and under the supervision of a person responsible for the safe performance of work on the movement of goods cranes;
it is allowed to lift bricks on pallets without fencing only when loading and unloading (on the ground) motor vehicles, their trailers, railway. gondola cars and platforms;
before lifting a load from a well, ditch, trench, pit, etc. and before lowering the load into them, first make sure, when lowering the empty (unloaded) hook, that at its lowest position, at least 1,5 turns of the rope remain on the drum, not counting the turns under the clamping device;
stowage and unloading of cargo on the territory evenly, without violating the dimensions established for warehousing cargo and without blocking the aisles;
carefully monitor the ropes, in case they fall off the drums or blocks, loops form or damage to the ropes is detected, it is necessary to stop the operation of the crane;
it is forbidden to install a crane under an operating power line of any voltage. The driver can install a crane or move cargo at a distance closer than 30 m from the extreme wire of the power line only if there is a work permit signed by the chief engineer or chief power engineer of the enterprise - the owner of the crane. The operation of the crane in this case should be carried out under the direct supervision of a responsible person appointed by order for the enterprise, indicating his name in the work permit.

36. The driver may perform work in a territory hazardous in terms of fire and explosion, or with toxic cargo, only after receiving a special instruction from the person responsible for the safe performance of work.

37. During the operation of a self-propelled jib crane, the distance between the rotary part of the crane, in any position, and the dimensions of buildings, or stacks of goods, or other objects must be at least 1 m.

38. When lifting and moving loads, the driver is prohibited from:

allow random persons who do not have a slinger's certificate to tie and hook cargo, as well as use load gripping devices without tags and brands. In these cases, the driver must stop working with a crane and notify the person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes;
lift or turn over a load whose mass exceeds the lifting capacity of the crane for a given boom reach. If the driver does not know the weight of the load, then he must obtain in writing information about the weight of the load from the person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes;
lower the boom with the load until the departure, at which the lifting capacity of the crane will be less than the weight of the load;
to produce sharp braking when turning the boom with a load;
drag the load along the ground, rails and logs with a crane hook with an oblique tension of the ropes, and also move the railway. wagons, platforms, trolleys, carts with a hook;
to lift with a hook a load covered with earth or frozen to the ground, embedded with other loads, reinforced with bolts or filled with concrete;
free the removable load-handling devices jammed by the load with a crane;
lift reinforced concrete products with damaged hinges, improperly tied load, which is in an unstable position, suspended by the horn of a two-horned hook, as well as in a container filled above the sides;
lay the load on electric cables and pipelines, as well as on the edge of a slope or trench;
lift a load with people on it, as well as a load leveled by a mass of people or supported by hands;
transfer control of the crane to persons who do not have the right to operate the crane, as well as allow students and trainees to independently control them without personal supervision of them;
load and unload vehicles while the driver or other people are in the cab;
lift compressed or liquefied gas cylinders that are not packed in special containers.

39. The driver is obliged to lower the load, stop the operation of the crane and inform the person responsible for the safe performance of work by cranes, in case of malfunctions specified in paragraph 18 of this instruction, as well as:

when a thunderstorm approaches, a strong wind, the speed of which exceeds the speed allowed for the operation of this crane and specified in its passport, while the driver must follow the manufacturer's instructions to prevent the crane from being stolen by the wind;
in case of insufficient illumination of the place of work of the crane, heavy snowfall or fog, as well as in other cases when the driver does not clearly distinguish the signals of the slinger or the load being moved;
at an air temperature below the permissible minus value indicated in the crane passport;
when twisting the ropes of the cargo chain hoist.

Occupational safety requirements at the end of work

40. At the end of the crane operation, the driver must comply with the following rules:

do not leave the load suspended;
put the crane in the place intended for parking, slow it down;
install the boom and hook in the position determined by the manufacturer's instructions for the installation and operation of the crane.

41. When the crane is operating in several shifts, the driver handing over the shift must inform his shift worker about all malfunctions in the operation of the crane and hand over the shift, make an appropriate entry in the logbook.

42. Put the overalls in order, hang them in the dressing room.

43. Take a shower and change into personal clothes.

44. It is not allowed to be on the territory of the organization after the end of the shift without the knowledge of the senior foreman.

Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

45. If an accident or accident occurs during the operation of the crane, the driver must immediately inform the person responsible for the safe performance of work by cranes, as well as the person responsible for the good condition of the crane, maintaining the situation after the accident or accident.

46. In the event of a fire on the crane, the driver is obliged to immediately begin to extinguish it, simultaneously calling through one of the members of the fire brigade serving the crane.

Crane maintenance and care

47. The driver is responsible for the correct maintenance of the crane, while he must:

keep the mechanisms and equipment of the crane clean and in good condition;
timely lubricate all crane mechanisms and ropes in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer.
store lubricants and cleaning materials in a closed metal container. Used cleaning material must be removed from the tap in a timely manner;
know the timing and results of preventive periodic inspections of the crane and its components and mechanisms according to the entry in the journal of periodic inspections.

48. Troubleshooting that occurred during the operation of the crane is carried out at the request of the driver. Other types of crane repairs are carried out within the time limits established by the administration.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Vacuum forming machine operator. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Pharmacist-technologist when taking prescriptions and dispensing medicines according to doctors' prescriptions. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Work on fiber-optic communication cables. Standard instruction on labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

64-layer 3D NAND 512Gb chips 07.02.2017

Western Digital has announced the start of pilot production of 64-layer 3D NAND memory microchips (BICS3) with a capacity of 512 Gbps. These are the first products of this type in the world. The chips are made using TLC technology - three bits of information in one cell. Toshiba specialists took part in the development of the solution.

The microchips are manufactured at a facility in Yokkaichi, a special city in southeastern Japan that belongs to Mie Prefecture. It is here that Toshiba and SanDisk semiconductor chip factories are located.

Mass production of 64-layer 3D NAND chips with a capacity of 512 Gbit Western Digital plans to organize in the second half of this year. The company first announced the introduction of technology for the production of 64-layer 3D NAND chips in the middle of last year. And in 2015, the company demonstrated 48-layer 3D NAND products.

At the end of last year, Western Digital revealed some details about its plans for the use and production of 3D NAND flash memory based on the BICS architecture. Western Digital is taking a cautious approach to using XNUMXD NAND and in the near future plans to use this type of memory only for various types of removable drives - SD cards, USB sticks, etc.

It is noteworthy that Toshiba, which promotes Western Digital in the field of NAND production, also did not announce a single SSD based on 3D NAND (except for a rather exotic SSD in a BGA package), and its close partner, Lite-On Technology (an SSD branded Plextor ), did not showcase its Toshiba 3D NAND drives.

Other interesting news:

▪ protein potatoes

▪ Poor sleep increases atherosclerosis

▪ IKEA Qi wireless charger

▪ Dogs adversely affect the ecology and climate of the planet

▪ Electricity on the moon

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Digital technology. Article selection

▪ article Where are you now, who is kissing your fingers? Popular expression

▪ article When did people start building houses? Detailed answer

▪ article Locksmith construction. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Device for automatically turning on the headlights of a car. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Exactly the same map. Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews