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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Occupational safety instructions for argon welding electric welders. Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General safety requirements 1.1. Persons who have passed the following are allowed to work independently on the equipment:
1.2. Persons who have reached the age of 18, have passed a medical examination, completed special training with additional testing of knowledge of labor safety rules when carrying out electric welding work in protective inert gases, and have received a certificate for the right to work as an electric welder are allowed to perform electric welding work in shielding gas at enterprise facilities. , who have passed certification in the manner established by the “Rules for Certification of Welders”, approved by Gosgortekhnadzor. 1.3. The electrician must pass:
1.4. The electrician must:
1.5. The electrician must:
1.6. An electric welder must know and observe the rules of personal hygiene. Eat, smoke, and rest only in specially designated rooms and places. Drink water only from specially designed installations. 1.7. If any malfunctions of equipment, fixtures, tools and other shortcomings or hazards are found in the workplace, immediately inform the foreman or head of the workshop. You can start work only with their permission after the elimination of all deficiencies. 1.8. If a fire is detected or in the event of a fire:
In case of a threat to life - leave the premises. 1.9. In case of an accident, provide the victim with first (pre-medical) aid, immediately report the incident to the foreman or head of the workshop, take measures to preserve the situation of the incident (equipment condition), if this does not create a danger to others. 1.10. For non-compliance with the safety requirements set forth in this manual, the worker is liable in accordance with applicable law. 1.11. Workers who have undergone an additional medical examination and special training in steeplejack methods are allowed to weld at height. 1.12. When performing work, an electric welder must have a certificate with him. At least once every 12 months, the “Rules for the Certification of Welders” provide for testing knowledge and practical skills, about which a corresponding note is made on the certificate. An expired certificate is invalid. Welders may only be allowed to perform welding work of the types specified in their certificate. 1.13. Connecting and disconnecting the electric welding installation from the power source and monitoring its good condition during operation are carried out only by trained electricians. 1.14. Welders working in confined spaces or welding non-ferrous metals must undergo an annual medical examination with a mandatory chest x-ray and appropriate laboratory tests. 1.15. The main harmful and dangerous production factors accompanying the welding and cutting processes, which under certain circumstances can cause injuries and occupational diseases:
1.16. According to the “Standard industry standards for the free issuance of workwear, safety footwear and other personal protective equipment to workers and employees,” an electric welder must use the following PPE: canvas suit (wearing period 12 months), leather boots (wearing period 12 months), canvas mittens (wearing period 1 month ), dielectric gloves (duty), protective helmet (duty). For outdoor work in winter, additionally: a cotton jacket with an insulating lining (wearing period 30 months), cotton trousers with an insulating lining (wearing period 30 months), felt boots (wearing period 36 months). 1.17. Electric welding work must be carried out only in special clothing, with a safety shield or a mask with special protective glasses that comply with welding conditions and GOST. The worker assisting the welder must wear safety glasses with dark lenses. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Inspect overalls, safety shoes and personal protective equipment. If you find faults with the protective equipment, contact a technician to replace them. Make sure clothing is clean and not contaminated with oil or other flammable substances. Put on overalls and safety shoes, fasten all the buttons, tie all the ribbons, lace up your shoes, and tuck your hair under your headdress. The jacket and trousers must be worn untucked, the pockets closed with flaps. 2.2. Select a safety shield or helmet that matches the current strength when welding in shielding gases. 2.3. Check your work area to make sure it is sufficiently lit and uncluttered. Remove unnecessary parts and workpieces, cover the wooden floor and flammable objects with asbestos sheets or other fire-resistant materials. Remove flammable and flammable materials at a distance of at least 10 m. Make sure that fire-fighting equipment is available at the workplace (in accordance with fire safety regulations). 2.4. Prepare portable shields to protect others from the harmful effects of electric arc light. 2.5. Install a wooden stool or bench if the work has to be done while sitting. If you have to work inside metal containers, then lay a rubber mat under your feet, placing technical felt under it. Place a dry board or a board covered with a rubber mat under your feet if the work is to be done in a damp place. 2.6. Check the presence and serviceability of local suction and portable ventilation units that ensure the removal of contaminated air and the supply of clean air if welding will be carried out in a closed room or container. 2.7. Inspect the welding unit. Check the reliability of fastening of the grounding wire of the housing and the secondary winding of the transformer, the presence of a shield covering the contacts on the high voltage side, and the integrity of the wire insulation. 2.8. Check the presence of a return wire (wire to the part being welded), the serviceability of its insulation and grounding, as well as the serviceability of the clamps for reliable connection to the part being welded 2.9. Set the pressure from the argon cylinder within 1,5-2 atm; 2.10. Check the integrity of the insulation of the electrode holder handle, make sure that it firmly holds the electrode, allows for quick change of electrodes without touching live parts, and ensures reliable contact between the electrode and the holder. 2.11. Check whether the measuring instruments give readings indicating the presence or absence of voltage in the welding circuit. Make sure that the transformer locking devices are in good working order, ensuring automatic shutdown in the event of an arc failure. 2.12. Report any defects you notice to the technician and do not begin work until they are eliminated. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. Welding work in the workshops of the enterprise is carried out only with written permission from the person responsible for fire safety, which must be in hand before completion of the work. 3.2. Protect the workplace with portable shields that protect surrounding workers from the effects of ultraviolet rays of the electric arc. Shields enclosing the welding station should be installed on 3 sides and, above all, on the side of the main passages. 3.3. The materials to be welded and workpieces in places to be welded must be thoroughly cleaned to prevent splashing of molten metal. 3.4. When cleaning the welding seam from splashes and slag, wear safety glasses with ordinary glass. Cleaning should be done using brushes or scrapers with a durable and comfortable handle. 3.5. Make sure that your hands, clothing and shoes are always dry to avoid electrical injury. 3.6. Warn nearby people about the start of welding by shouting “Close up!” 3.7. Ensure that the grounding device is securely fastened during operation until the installation is completely disconnected from the network. 3.8. Welding of tanks, cisterns and other containers is carried out only in accordance with the technological map. Make sure containers are washed and dried. 3.9. Work inside the tank can only be done if there is an observer outside the tank. The observer must be able to immediately turn off the welding network and must be able to see and hear the welder. The welder must be equipped with a belt with a rope, the end of which, at least 2 m long, must be in the hands of the observer. Portable lighting during these works should have a voltage no higher than 12 volts; electrodes should be changed with the voltage turned off. 3.10. Welding work inside containers (reservoirs, boilers, cisterns, etc.) should only be carried out if the required air exchange is ensured using special ventilation devices. 3.11. Electrical welding work in wells and deep ditches must be carried out only with a work permit and after making sure, using a gas analyzer, that there are no accumulations of flammable gases or carbon dioxide in them. These works are allowed to be carried out at temperatures not exceeding 50 degrees C. 3.12. Whenever moving welding wires, make sure that the wires do not come into contact with water, oil, steel ropes, hoses and pipelines containing flammable gases and oxygen, as well as hot pipelines. 3.13. During long breaks in work, the welding power source should be turned off. 3.14. Repair welding equipment only after disconnecting the voltage. 3.15. Place the energized electrode holder on a special stand or suspension and do not throw it or leave it unattended. 3.16. Make sure that all handwheels, switch handles, buttons, handles that the welder touches during the welding process are made of dielectric material. 3.17. During rain, welding outdoors can only be done with appropriate protective devices (canopies, canopies, etc.). 3.18. When working in close proximity to hatches, protect them. If guards or covers were removed during work, they must be replaced after work is completed. 3.19. To carry tools, electrodes and other welding materials, use special tool boxes or cylindrical cases made of fireproof material. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. At the slightest sensation of electric current, stop work, turn off the voltage and inform the technician. 4.2. In case of fire, take measures to extinguish. Fired electrical wires should be extinguished with sand and carbon dioxide or dry fire extinguishers, which should be located at the workplace. Notify the foreman about the fire. If there is a threat to life, leave the premises. 4.3. If there is an accidental supply of hot or cold water during the repair of boilers and pipelines, immediately stop work, turn off the welding machine and report to the foreman or workshop manager. 5. Safety requirements at the end of work 5.1. Turn off the electric welding machine. Collect the welding wires and put them in the designated place. 5.2. Carefully check the work area, do not leave open flames, objects heated to high temperatures, as well as smoldering combustible materials, debris, etc. Provide observation for 3-5 hours. 5.3. Collect the electrode cinders in a special fireproof box. 5.4. Remove the tool to a place specially designated for it. 5.5. Take off your overalls, put them in order and put them in the closet. Wash your face and hands thoroughly. If possible, take a shower. 5.6. Report any deficiencies to the master.
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