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Instructions on labor protection for electricians of telephone station equipment when servicing ten-step automatic telephone exchanges. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Persons who have passed a medical examination, introductory briefing, on-the-job instruction and training, testing of knowledge of labor protection rules and having a qualification group in electrical safety of at least III are allowed to work in machine rooms of ten-step automatic stations (ATS).

1.2. Employees of the car dealership of decade-step automatic telephone exchanges are required to:

1.2.1. Comply with the rules of internal labor regulations;

1.2.2. Know and follow labor safety rules when working; at telephone communications enterprises, in the scope of duties performed, annually confirm the electrical safety group;

1.2.3. Know the procedure for checking and using hand-held mechanical and power tools, devices to ensure safe work (stepladders, ladders, etc.), protective equipment (dielectric gloves and carpets, tools with insulating handles, voltage indicators, safety glasses).

1.2.4. Perform only the work that is defined in the operating instructions for the equipment or job descriptions approved by the administration of the enterprise, and provided that safe methods of doing it are well known;

1.2.5. Know and be able to provide first aid to victims of electric current and other accidents;

1.2.6. Follow the instructions on fire safety measures.

1.3. When servicing automatic telephone exchanges, the following hazardous and harmful production factors are possible:

• dangerous voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body, electric shock, electric arc burn;
• penetration of explosive gases through the mine;
• the occurrence of harmful substances (gasoline vapors, lead aerosols);
• low air humidity and high temperature;
• insufficient illumination of the working area;
• fire hazard;
• falling from a height of personnel while working on ladders and ladders;
• falling objects from a height (tools, equipment elements).

1.4. When working, the electrician must use the following PPE: cotton gown, slippers.

1.5. The victim or eyewitness immediately notifies the immediate supervisor of each accident at work.

1.6. For non-compliance with this instruction, the perpetrators are held accountable in accordance with the internal labor regulations or penalties determined by the Code of Labor Laws of the Russian Federation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Put on and carefully tuck in special clothing (dressing gown) and technological footwear (slippers) established in accordance with current standards, avoiding hanging ends and constraint when moving.

2.2. Check and verify the availability and serviceability of the fixed tool, devices to ensure safe work performance, personal protective equipment, fire extinguishing equipment.

2.3. Check the condition of general and ordinary lighting.

2.4. Do not carry out any work on the repair of fixtures, equipment, etc., if this is not part of the employee's responsibilities.

2.5. Report all shortcomings and malfunctions discovered during an inspection at the workplace to the shift supervisor so that measures can be taken to completely eliminate them.

2.6. Place the tool in the workplace with maximum ease of use, avoiding the presence of unnecessary items in the work area.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Work only in serviceable and carefully fitted workwear and safety shoes and use personal protective equipment required at the workplace in accordance with current standards.

3.2. Maintenance of devices located in the upper parts of the cabinets should be carried out only from serviceable marked stepladders.

3.3. It is necessary to install the stepladder by checking the stability of its installation before lifting it. Stepladders with a height of 1,3 m must be equipped with a stop.

3.4. It is prohibited for more than one person to work from the top two steps of stepladders that do not have railings or stops, or for more than one person to be on the steps.

3.5. The replacement of signal lamps on the general station board should be carried out from ladders with a height of at least 2 m.

3.6. Do not leave loose objects on the ladders and throw them down.

3.7. Movable stepladders (ladders) with upper roller sliding, used when working in two-tier crosses, must be secured with locking devices.

3.8. Changing individual fuses should be done with only one hand, and the second or part of the body should not touch grounded structures.

3.9. Changing an ordinary fuse must be done by two persons, one of whom must stand at the bottom of the stepladder, with the obligatory fulfillment of the requirements of clause 3.8.

3.10. Replacement of ordinary fuses must be carried out with the load removed.

3.11. Pliers with insulating grips should be used when changing the individual fuses on the cabinet.

3.12. All repair work on non-removable cabinet devices, cleaning of installation, safety frames, keys and other things should be carried out with the static fuses removed.

3.13. Equipment racks that have voltages greater than 42 V AC and 110 V DC should be provided with dielectric mats.

3.14. All enclosures and covers of equipment that cover 42 VAC contacts must display the electrical voltage symbol to alert service personnel to the danger of electrical shock.

3.15. The portable power tool used (soldering iron, step-down transformer) must be tested and have an inventory number, systematically and timely checked and repaired.

3.16. During an external examination of power tools and appliances, it is necessary to pay attention to the integrity of the insulation of the wires, the absence of bare current-carrying parts.

3.17. Checking for the absence of a short circuit to the housing and the condition of the insulation must be carried out by a specially appointed person at least once every 1 months.

3.18. The length of the hose wire for connecting the step-down transformer to the network must not exceed 2 m.

3.19. Cases of portable household and measuring instruments, step-down transformers for voltage 220 V must be grounded.

3.20. For soldering, use electric soldering irons with a voltage not higher than 42 V.

3.21. It is necessary to use backlights for 60 V DC and not higher than 42 V AC, provided that the body of the backlight is made of insulating material and has a protective screen.

3.22. In the production of work on soldering devices with solder in the adjusting workshops, there should be special tables equipped with local suction (exhaust), electric lighting and a fire-resistant stand for a soldering iron, containers for alloys and fluxes.

3.23. When performing work on technological equipment, the presence of other workers in the immediate vicinity of the soldering point is prohibited.

Soldering processes are accompanied by air pollution with harmful substances. The surfaces of the hands and skin, as well as the oral cavity, are contaminated with lead.

When performing soldering at non-fixed workstations, it is necessary to use pallets to place soldering irons, solder and other materials on them.

3.24. The doors and windows of the machine room must always be kept closed.

3.25. Hands, clothes and shoes of personnel should always be dry.

3.26. When working in cross country:

3.26.1. During a thunderstorm, work on the switchboards is prohibited.

3.26.2. If the thermal coil burns out, you need to check with a voltage indicator that there is no extraneous voltage on the line. If it is present, it is necessary to install insulation. The thermal coil can only be replaced when there is no external voltage.

3.26.3. Connecting and subscriber lines in case of contact with extraneous voltage should be disconnected from the station equipment using a disconnector (fiber gasket or plug made of insulating material).

3.26.4. Crossover workers must warn the lineman about the presence of extraneous voltage on the line. After the damage has been repaired, you need to check with a voltage indicator that there is no extraneous voltage on the line.

3.26.5. On the cards of subscriber overhead communication lines that have intersections with power lines, a corresponding note should be made about this.

3.27. To clean operating equipment, you must use alcohol. Do not use gasoline to clean operating equipment. To clean devices on operating equipment, it is necessary to use brushes with insulated clips.

3.28. When working in the adjusting:

• do not use leaded gasoline to clean appliances;
• tanks containing quantities of gasoline and other fuels exceeding the workshop’s daily needs must be stored in a special room. Fuel in the amount of daily requirement should be kept in tightly closed containers, in a fireproof box, which is located in the workshop;
• ventilation units must be turned on before work begins and turned off after completion;
• To collect used rags used when cleaning and soldering devices, as well as when cleaning workplaces, easy-to-wash containers (tank with a lid) should be used. In cases where paper napkins are used to wipe hands, these containers can be used to collect them. Used rags and paper napkins contaminated with lead should be burned and not reused;
• working surfaces of tables, as well as the internal surfaces of tool boxes at the end of the shift must be cleaned and washed with a hot soapy solution;
• work tables must be covered with plastic and have a smooth end surface. It is prohibited to use table glass for this purpose;
• Washing the floors in the soldering area should be done after the end of each shift. Dry cleaning methods are not permitted. General wet cleaning of the premises should be performed at least once every two weeks;
• personnel performing soldering work must wear special clothing. Storing any type of clothing and personal items in rooms designated for soldering work is prohibited. Storage of street, home, and work clothes in wardrobes should be separate;
• It is prohibited to take work clothes home. Washing and neutralization of work clothes for persons engaged in soldering with alloys containing lead should be carried out in specialized laundries;
• It is prohibited to enter eating rooms, canteens, etc. in work clothes;
• Before eating and smoking, be sure to wash your hands and rinse your mouth near the washbasins, regardless of their location, there should be soap, a brush, containers with a 1% solution of acetic acid, and electric towels. The use of shared towels is prohibited;
• signs “No open flames” and “No smoking” must be posted on the doors of the equipment cleaning room.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Each employee who discovers violations of these instructions and labor safety rules or notices a malfunction of equipment that poses a danger to people is obliged to report this directly to the manager.

In cases where a malfunction of the equipment poses a threatening danger to people or the equipment itself, the employee who discovered it is obliged to take measures to terminate the operation of the equipment, and then notify the immediate supervisor about this. Troubleshooting is carried out in compliance with safety requirements.

4.2. If an accident occurs during work, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to your immediate supervisor and take measures to preserve the situation of the accident, if this is not associated with a danger to life and health of people.

4.3. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to free the victim from the action of the current as soon as possible; in case of working at height, take measures to prevent him from falling. Disconnect the equipment using switches, plug connectors, cut the supply wire with a tool with insulated handles. If it is impossible to quickly turn off the equipment, it is necessary to take other measures to free the victim from the effects of the current. To separate the victim from live parts or wires, you should use a stick, board or some other dry object that does not conduct electricity, while the person providing assistance should stand on a dry, non-conductive place, or wear dielectric gloves.

4.4. If a fire occurs in a technical room, you should immediately begin to extinguish it using available means (carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, asbestos blankets, etc.) and call the fire department.

4.5. If extraneous voltage is detected in the workplace, you must immediately stop work and report to the shift supervisor.

4.6. In the event of a power failure while working with a power tool or a break in work, the power tool must be disconnected from the mains.

4.7. If the smell of gas is detected, you must immediately call the emergency gas service, inform the management of the enterprise, organize the evacuation of personnel from the telephone exchange building, do not turn on or off the pantographs, and ensure natural ventilation of the room.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. It is necessary to tidy up the workplace, tools and fixtures.

5.2. Inform the shift manager (shift supervisor) about all malfunctions noticed during work and the measures taken to eliminate them.

5.3. Overalls (robe and slippers) must be removed in a specially designated place.

5.4. Wash your face and hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, rinse your mouth well. In the case of performing work related to soldering with alloys containing lead, it is imperative to neutralize lead with a 1% solution of acetic acid or OP-7 paste before washing hands.

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