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The mill turns graphene into a semiconductor

12.08.2013

Korean physicists have learned to use a ball crusher to turn graphene into a semiconductor by attaching atmospheric nitrogen molecules to it, which can be used to create solar cells or extract nitrogen in the production of chemical reagents.

In 2012, Jung-Pom-baek of the National Institute of Science and Technology in Ulsan, Korea, and his colleagues invented a very ingenious "extra-budget" technique for making graphene using graphite powder, dry ice crystals, and a ball crusher. In the new work, they used the same technology to simultaneously produce graphene and fix nitrogen inside it.

"Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. Its diatomic molecules are extremely inert, and they can be compared with graphite, which is considered the most chemically stable form of carbon. Their "gluing" is an extremely difficult task that we managed to solve," said Jong-Pom Pack.

Even in the course of previous experiments, scientists noticed that the particles of graphene that arose inside the crusher easily attached molecules of carbon dioxide and other gases to themselves. This led them to the idea that the same technique could be used to "glue" extremely inert nitrogen molecules to carbon plates.

They tested this idea by grinding a few pieces of graphite in a crusher that contained only nitrogen molecules and carbon material. The experiment ended successfully - at a certain air temperature and pressure, nitrogen molecules began to attach to carbon atoms on the "broken" edges of the graphite plates.

These bonds remained stable during the transformation of graphite into graphene, which allowed scientists to obtain a significant amount of "Nobel carbon" (as graphene is sometimes called; however, Nobel Prizes were given several times for different forms of carbon) with nitrogen atoms embedded in it. This material has semiconductor properties, which allows it to be used as a basis for solar panels and fuel cells.

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