Ensuring the security of military service. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Ensuring the security of military service. Fundamentals of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

military service security - this is to ensure the protection of military personnel, the population and the natural environment from threats arising in the course of the activities of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

The security of military service is carried out in accordance with the following principles: ensuring the priority of the life and health of people in the organization of the daily activities of the troops; compliance with the law; the adequacy of the measures taken to threats to the security of military service; the complexity and continuous preventive focus of the measures taken; a clear delineation of the functions, powers and responsibilities of military command and control bodies and military officials; state guarantees of the rights and socio-economic support of military personnel in case of harm to their life and health.

Security requirements that determine the security of military personnel are established by legislative acts, regulatory and technical documentation, rules and instructions. In order to fulfill these requirements, briefings are conducted with military personnel, which are divided into introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled and targeted.

Introductory briefings conducted by officials of the military unit: with all military personnel - upon their arrival for military service; with students and cadets who arrived at the unit for practice (internship) - before it begins; with persons seconded to the unit - upon their arrival at the unit. The introductory briefing program is approved by the commander of the military unit.

Primary briefings Conducted by unit commanders directly at the places of performance of official and special duties individually with each newly arrived serviceman, practically showing safe techniques and methods for performing these duties.

Repeat briefings they are also conducted by unit commanders on programs of primary briefings at least once every six months.

Unscheduled briefings carried out by unit commanders when introducing new instructions on security requirements, receiving new weapons, machinery and equipment, obtaining reviews and information about incidents, identifying violations of security measures by military personnel; breaks in the performance of military duties for more than two months.

Targeted briefings personnel are carried out before taking up combat duty (combat service); in preparation for guard duty; each time when performing work associated with increased danger; when transporting military personnel and explosive cargo by all modes of transport; upon departure on business trips and vacations; during the liquidation of emergency situations; at the beginning of the swimming season - about the rules of swimming; as well as in other cases by decision of the unit or formation commander.

Prevention of death and injury of military personnel

Commanders and superiors are required to take measures to prevent the death and injury of military personnel. The most important of these measures are:

when organizing and carrying out combat duty, it is necessary to determine the necessary security requirements corresponding to the degree of combat readiness and allowing timely performance of suddenly arising tasks; the admission of military personnel to combat duty is permitted only after they have been trained in safe methods of performing their duties, actions in emergency and emergency situations, and the rules for providing first aid to victims of accidents;
when working with weapons and military equipment, it is necessary to ensure that it is carried out in strict accordance with established technological requirements; the admission of military personnel to the right to operate technical means to perform work on their maintenance and repair is allowed only after training and passing the test for the right to work independently;
when carrying out combat training measures, security measures must be provided and responsible for their implementation should be identified; special attention should be paid to the selection and professional training of class leaders, the equipment of their venues, the serviceability of weapons and military equipment, imitation tools, and the ability of personnel to comply with safety requirements in the classroom.
when personnel are performing guard and internal services, special attention should be focused on compliance with safety requirements when handling weapons, the psychological readiness of each serviceman to perform their duties, and ensuring systematic monitoring of the performance of day-to-day duties by officials of their functional duties.

Medical security of military service

Medical support military personnel is a set of measures to preserve and strengthen their health, provide them with medical care, treatment and the fastest recovery of working and combat capability after illnesses and injuries. This provision includes sanitary and epidemiological supervision, anti-epidemic and therapeutic and preventive measures, the supply of medical equipment and property, the scientific development of military medicine problems, and ensuring high combat and mobilization readiness of the medical service.

Military personnel and citizens called up for military training have the right to free medical care and free provision of medicines and other medical equipment according to the prescriptions of doctors in military medical institutions.

For the medical support of servicemen, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has a wide network of military medical institutions, which includes 220 military hospitals with approximately 65 beds. Among them are such highly specialized medical institutions as the Main Military Clinical Hospital. N. N. Burdenko and the Central Military Clinical Hospital. A. A. Vishnevsky. Every year, more than 700 people are treated in military hospitals, about 200 surgeries and more than 25 million diagnostic tests are performed. In addition to hospitals, there are 153 outpatient clinics, 44 sanatoriums and rest homes for 22 beds at the service of military personnel.

Ensuring fire safety in the troops

All military personnel are required to know and comply with fire safety requirements, be able to handle fire extinguishing equipment. In the event of a fire, each serviceman is obliged to immediately call the military fire protection and rescue team (full-time fire brigade) or an emergency fire brigade and start extinguishing the fire with all available means, as well as saving people, weapons, military equipment and other materiel.

The regiment commander (range chief) is responsible for fulfilling fire safety requirements in the forests assigned to the regiment (range), as well as in all places of training, firing, exercises and other combat training events. Unit commanders, heads of services (workshops, workshops, clubs, laboratories and other facilities) are responsible for meeting fire safety requirements in their subordinate units and services and for maintaining fire extinguishing equipment in good condition.

Ensuring the environmental safety of the troops

Ensuring the environmental safety of the activities of troops in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is carried out according to the following directions:

implementation of measures for the protection of the natural environment during the operation of weapons and military equipment, in the course of combat training and other types of activities of the troops;
systematic assessment of environmental damage, performance of work to restore the quality of the natural environment in the areas where troops are located and operate;
construction, repair, reconstruction and operation of environmental structures;
environmentally safe disposal of weapons and military equipment;
creation of new models of weapons and equipment, construction of military facilities that meet the requirements of environmental safety;
environmental training and education of military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

The charter of the internal service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation determines that each serviceman is obliged to preserve and protect nature in the course of his daily activities. Persons who, as a result of their actions or inaction, pollute the environment are held accountable.

Compulsory state insurance of life and health of military personnel

The life and health of military personnel are subject to compulsory state insurance for the entire period of their military service, as well as for one year after its completion, if death or disability occurred as a result of injury (wounds, injuries, contusions) or diseases received during military service.

In the event of an insured event, military units, institutions and organizations, military commissariats, military medical institutions of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, as well as institutions of the state service of medical and social examination at the place of service (residence) are obliged to assist military personnel in requesting and processing the documents necessary for acceptance decision on the payment of the sum insured. This payment is not made if the insured event occurred as a result of the commission by a serviceman of an act recognized as socially dangerous in accordance with the procedure established by the court; is in a direct causal relationship established by the court with his alcoholic, narcotic or toxic intoxication; is the result of deliberate infliction of harm to one's health or suicide proven by the court.

Insurance guarantees for military personnel and the procedure for their implementation are set out in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Compulsory State Insurance of Life and Health of Military Personnel, Citizens Called for Military Training, Individuals and Commanders of Internal Affairs Bodies of the Russian Federation and Employees of Federal Tax Police Bodies".

Authors: Smirnov A.T., Shakhramanyan M.A., Durnev R.A., Kryuchek N.A.

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