Styrofoam propellers. Drawing, description

MODELING
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Styrofoam propellers. Tips for a modeler

Modeling

We offer a method proven in practice by our ship modeling circle: to make propellers using an electric current from foam. A simple device allows you to quickly make a series of completely identical screws, which in appearance are no different from bronze ones, but do not sink in water.

The material for the screws is solid foam plastic grade PS-1-200. Blanks with a thickness of 12-20 mm can be of any shape: round, square, etc. A hole Ø 3 mm for the propeller shaft is drilled in the center of each, it also serves as a guide in the manufacture of the propeller.

The formation of the blades takes place on a device that we called a "screw cutter" (Fig. 1). It consists of a body, an insulator is attached to it with three M3 screws. On the latter, with the help of clamps and M3 screws, a cutting element made of nichrome wire O 0,8 mm is installed.

For a three-bladed propeller, three pieces of wire are taken. The distance between them for screws with a pitch ratio of 1,5 is approximately 5 mm. For screws with a large pitch ratio, this distance decreases and, conversely, for screws with a smaller pitch ratio, it increases. Particular attention should be paid to the fact that the axis, which is clamped in the body with an M4x35 screw, is in the center of the cutting elements. All three elements are interconnected in series with two jumpers. The voltage supplied to them is about 5V.

Two copiers are attached to the body with screws. The angle of the oblique line of each depends on the required characteristics of the screws and varies with the height h. For the manufacture of blades, it is necessary to put on a foam blank and a knob on the axis, chop the blank onto the knob and lower it onto copiers so that the knobs of the knob lie on the high parts of the body. After turning on the power, wait 2-3 seconds until the nichrome heats up, and begin to smoothly rotate the knob, pressing its handles against the copiers. At the end of the cut, turn off the power, allow the workpiece to cool, then loosen the fasteners, remove the axis and remove the screw.

Rice. 1. Screw cutter (click to enlarge): 1 - base, steel-3 - 1 pc., 2 - M3X10 screw - 21 pcs., 3 - copier, tin 0,3-0,5 - 2 pcs., 4 - blank screws, 5 - knob, steel-3 - 1 pc., 6 - axis, steel-45 - 1 pc., 7 - M4x35 screw - 1 pc., 8 - washer-3 - 6 pcs., 9 - cutting element - 3 pcs., 10 - insulator - 1 pc., 11 - clamp - 6 pcs., 12 - jumper - 2 pcs.

Rice. 2. A device for processing propeller blanks (click to enlarge): 1 - base, getinaks, textolite - 1 pc., 2 - stand, getinaks, textolite - 1 pc., 3 - plank, brass - 1 pc., 4 - MZx15 screw - 6 pcs., 5 - MZx20 screw - 2 pcs., 6 - bar, brass - 4 pcs., 7 - cutting element, nichrome Ø0,8 - 1 pc., 8 - axis, steel-45 - 1 pc. ., 9 - screw blank, foam plastic - 1 pc., 10 - bushing, brass - 1 pc., 11 - M4Xx60 screw - 1 pc., 12 - M3 nut - 10 pcs., 13 - washer - 12 pcs., 14 - strap - 1 pc., 15 - screw МЗХ10 - 2 pcs.

Processing along the contour is carried out on a fixture, which is shown in Figure 2. It consists of a base, along the groove of which the stand with the cutting element moves. The latter is attached to the rack with slats. From falling out, the rack from below and behind is held by two slats. Forward movement is limited by the adjusting screw, which is used to adjust to the desired diameter of the propeller. Before starting work, the rack with the cutting element is retracted to the rear position. A propeller blank with finished blades is put on the axle pressed into the base. In height relative to the cutting element, the workpiece is fixed with a sleeve. After turning on the power supply, the rack moves forward until it stops with a screw.

Now smoothly rotate the workpiece around the axis. In this case, the heated cutting element cuts the workpiece along the contour.

Coating screws with copper consists of two operations: applying a conductive layer and galvanizing.

A thin layer of epoxy glue is applied to the screw prepared for coating. When it begins to "seize", it must be carefully sprinkled with bronze powder (or even better, immerse the screw in a jar of powder). A wide-mouthed glass jar with two copper anode plates can serve as a galvanic bath (Fig. 4).

Styrofoam propellers
Rice. 3. Propeller fairing: 1 - propeller blade, 2 - fairing, 3 - propeller shaft

Styrofoam propellers
Rice. 4. Galvanic bath: 1 - screw, 2 - anodes, 3 - electrolyte, 4 - bath

The composition of the electrolyte per 1 liter of solution: copper sulfate 170-200 g, sulfuric (battery) acid 60-70 g. First, copper sulfate is dissolved in water, and then sulfuric acid is carefully poured into the vessel.

The power source can be batteries from a flashlight or a rectifier. Voltage 5-12 V. Current strength 0,3-0,5 A. Coating time 2-3 hours.

Propellers must be attached to the shaft with epoxy glue using fairings that act as nuts (Fig. 3).

Author: A.Kolotovkin

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