IR light switch. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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IR light switch. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting

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IR remote control has invaded daily life and saves our time significantly. Unfortunately, not all electrical appliances, in particular light switches, are equipped with remote controls. The proposed device will help make their management more convenient.

The switch is controlled using an IR pulse transmitter (remote control), upon command of which the lighting lamp that is turned off at the moment of its application will be turned on, and vice versa. The device has an additional IR transmitter built into it, which eliminates the need to constantly carry the remote control with you or waste time searching for it. It is enough to bring your hand to the switch at a distance of approximately ten centimeters and it will work.

IR light switch

The switch reacts to pulsed infrared radiation without deciphering the code contained in it. Therefore, any remote control from an imported or domestic electronic device (for example, a TV) will do, and you can press the button of any command. You can also make a homemade remote control, for example, according to the scheme given in the article by Yu. Vinogradov “IR sensor in a security alarm” (Radio, 1996, No. 7, p. 42, Fig. 2). There you can also find a drawing of the printed circuit board and recommendations for manufacturing the device.

The diagram of the simplest version of the control panel is shown in Fig. 1. This is a pulse generator using transistors of different structures, the load of which is an AL147A IK range emitting diode. The generator is powered by three or four galvanic cells, the command is given by briefly pressing the SB 1 button.

The circuit diagram of the switch is shown in Fig. 2. The IR pulse receiver is assembled according to a circuit similar to that used in the control units of the Rubin and Temp TVs. An amplifier of pulses is assembled on transistors VT1 - VT4, into which the photodiode VD1 - FD265 or any other sensitive to IR rays converts the received IR radiation. Next, the received signal passes through an active filter with a double T-bridge, assembled on a VT5 transistor. The filter eliminates interference from lighting lamps, the radiation of which covers the IR region of the spectrum and is modulated by double the frequency of the alternating current network. The sometimes possible self-excitation of this filter is eliminated by replacing the transistor with another one, with a lower h21E value.

(click to enlarge)

The filtered signal, having passed through the amplifier-limiter on transistor VT6 and element DD1.1, goes to the drive (diode VD4 and circuit R19C12). The parameters of the storage elements are selected in such a way that capacitor C12 manages to charge to the activation level of element DD1.2 in only three to six received pulses. This prevents the switch from being triggered by single light pulses: photographic flash lamps, lightning discharges. Discharging capacitor C12 takes 1...2 s.

The node based on logic elements DD1.2, DD1.3, DD1.6, thanks to feedback through capacitor C13, generates pulses with steep level changes that arrive at the counting input of trigger DD2. With each of them, the trigger changes state. At log. 1, at pin 1 of the trigger, transistors VT9, VT10 and thyristor VS1 are open. The EL1 lamp circuit is closed, the lighting is on. The glow of the two-color LED HL1 is green. Otherwise (log. 1 at pin 2 of the trigger), the lighting is turned off, the HL1 LED glows red. The trigger pulse generated by the C19R24 circuit leads to the same state. This eliminates the spontaneous switching on of lighting after a power outage.

The built-in IR transmitter - a pulse generator with a frequency of 1.4...1.5 Hz assembled on elements DD30, DD35 - allows you to use the switch without having a remote control in your hands. The emitting diode BI1 is installed next to the photodiode VD1, but separated from it by a light-proof partition. The radiation from diode BI1 is directed in the direction from which the photodiode receives it. The switch must be triggered by IR pulses from the built-in transmitter, reflected from the palm brought at a distance of 5...20 cm. The power of the emitted pulses required for this is set by changing the value of the resistor R20.

(click to enlarge)

The switch is assembled on a printed circuit board made of one-sided foil-coated fiberglass laminate 1,5 mm thick, shown in Fig. 3. Diodes VD5-VD8 are installed one above the other to save space on the board.

Author: A.Rusin, Moscow

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