A working model of a water turbine. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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A working model of a water turbine. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

Man improved the water wheel by creating the turbine, a high-speed engine used in hydroelectric power plants for machines that generate electricity. The number of revolutions of the water turbine reaches 800 per minute. The blades of the turbine are set obliquely to the flow of water; water pushes them aside. A water turbine is somewhat similar in action to the wings of a windmill or the circle of a wind engine, only it is not the wind that acts here, but water.

Make a working model of a simple water turbine. Take an even piece of glass tube (lamp glass or a glass without a bottom). Cut out two circles of almost the same diameter from the tin. One of them should fit snugly into the glass cylinder; this will be the guiding fixed wheel. The impeller must be of a smaller diameter so that during rotation it does not touch the edges of the cylinder.

Mark a center on each circle and draw lines through it. Cut each circle along the radii, without bringing the cut to the center, and then bend the plates between the cuts obliquely at the same angle. Make a turbine shaft - sharpen a rectangular splinter at the ends. You can take a rectangular block, and drive in two gramophone needles from above and below.

Working model of a water turbine

In the steering wheel, make a hole of such a size that the axle rotates in it without touching the edges of the hole. The tips of the shaft should rest against the recess of the upper and lower plates. Make a hole in the impeller exactly matching the shaft. The wheel should sit tightly on the shaft and rotate with it. Now start assembling.

From below, insert the guide wheel into the tube as shown in the figure and fix it so that it is stationary. Then, through the hole in it, pass the shaft with the mounted impeller.

Working model of a water turbine

At the same time, it is important that the shaft is vertical and rotates well, the planes of the wheels are parallel to each other, and the blades fulfill their purpose. By pouring water on top, you will make the turbine wheel rotate. It is convenient to hollow out the lower base (to drain water), and press the tube tightly against the side stand with several additional clamps, at least from wood.

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