|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
Kaleidoscope. Physical experiments
Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children This is a very interesting old instrument. In your free time, you can look at beautiful, never repeating patterns for a long time. They pass one after another, one arises from the other, obeying the slight movement of your hand in which you hold the kaleidoscope. A little twist of the hand or a snap of the finger - and the whole magical picture changes. The only way available to us to save them is to immediately sketch them. True, in a watercolor drawing there will not be that charm that their transparency gives to the patterns. The kaleidoscope is based on the property of mirrors, placed against each other or at an angle to each other, to multiply the image, to repeat it many times. If you have a kaleidoscope (it is sometimes sold in stores), you do not need to tell what magical patterns it shows. But if you don't have one, be sure to make it yourself. Here, several options for its manufacture are given in detail. You yourself can change all sizes at your own discretion, depending on what materials you have. You may have to resort to someone else's help, but in any case, you will not regret the time and work spent. First of all, you need to have two mirror plates. Let's name their approximate size: length 15 centimeters, width 3,5 - 4 centimeters. These can be real mirrors, or rather, strips of mirrors, or just two glass plates that will become mirrors when you blacken one side of them, or nickel-plated or polished metal plates that can reflect well like a real mirror. You will also need a cardboard of the same size, painted black on one side. Further work will go like this. If you have two simple glass plates, then you need to cover them with black varnish on one side or use a strip of black paper. Having folded the glass plates and cardboard (cardboard with the black side inward) in the form of a trihedral prism, tightly wrap them with a strip of black paper. The free end of the paper, having smeared with glue, fix it on one of the faces. The result is a trihedral prism. Instead of black paper, you can use two strips of thin cardboard the same size as the glass plates. Paint the side of the cardboard that will be attached to the glass plate with black ink. When you fold the triangular prism, its faces must be fastened in several places with adhesive tape. In the same way, a prism is made of mirror strips or polished metal plates. Now you need to make a tube into which a trihedral prism will be inserted. It will be the body of our kaleidoscope. Use thin cardboard for the tube. Wet it well in water, screw it onto a round stick or rolling pin of the desired diameter. When it dries, it can be bent as you need and glue the body of our device out of it. The length of this body should be 17 millimeters longer than the length of the prism. You will also need two transparent circles. They will need to be inserted into the body - the tube. Mugs can be cut from thick transparent white celluloid with a thickness of about 1 millimeter. If you do not have such celluloid, it can be replaced with thin celluloid, making each of the necessary circles composite - from two or three thin circles. But you can cut circles from glass plates. To do this, use thin unnecessary glass negatives. The plates are cleaned of the emulsion, then squares with sides equal to the inner diameter of the cardboard tube are cut out with a glass cutter. A circle is cut out of cardboard with a diameter slightly smaller than the side of a square plate. Then a cardboard circle is placed on a glass plate and, having lowered it into a bucket of water to a depth of about 30 centimeters, carefully “bite off” the corners with scissors, gradually approaching the size of a cardboard circle. In this way - in water - it is quite easy to cut a circle of the desired size. It is necessary, of course, to try so that the shape of the circles is not distorted. The water from the bucket must be carefully drained, the glass fragments carefully collected in paper and discarded. And keep in mind that scissors should be taken such that it is not a pity to blunt. Wrap the trihedral prism with paper (if necessary) and firmly insert it into the cardboard tube - the body. Do not bring one end of the prism to the end of the body by 15 millimeters, the other by 2 millimeters. At the end of the case, where 2 millimeters are left to the prism, insert a cardboard circle with a round hole in the center with a diameter of 1,5 centimeters. On the other hand, insert a transparent circle into the prism as far as it will go. Cut a strip 0,8 cm wide from thin cardboard, bend it into a ring, coat it with glue and insert it into the tube, pressing it tightly against the transparent circle near the prism. Cut out a circle of tissue paper according to the size of the second transparent circle. Now it remains to "charge" our device with future magic patterns. They will be created by very unattractive-looking fragments of colored glass, fragments of matches, pieces from a transparent toothbrush or unnecessary spectacle frames, pieces from a candle, and always pieces of black paper. These pieces should be small, and you need to pick them up in the most arbitrary, diverse form. If you're having a hard time finding colored glasses that can be cut into small shards, replace them with pieces of colored transparencies. Only each piece of the film must be bent, then it will be clearly visible in any position. When making such pieces, first bend the film, and then cut as much as necessary with scissors. Pour the prepared fragments and trimmings into a cardboard tube on a transparent circle. Place a circle of tissue paper on the cardboard rim, and press it on top with a second transparent circle. It remains to fix the mugs at both ends of the case and paste over it with colored paper.
A cardboard circle with a hole can be fixed with pieces of paper by gluing them to both the circle and the body. As for the outer transparent circle, it must be fixed by inserting a narrow strip of thick tin rolled into a ring into the end of the body. Such a ring will spring and will not allow a transparent mug to fall out. Fastening "tightly" would deprive you of the opportunity, if necessary, to remove the circle and add, reduce or completely replace the colored pieces. In general, do not get carried away with their number and try to make the set more diverse, so that transparent pieces of different colors prevail. When you're done, aim the kaleidoscope at a bright light source and look through the hole at the end of the body while turning the kaleidoscope or shaking it slightly. Author: Rabiza F.V.
▪ Experiments with the outer part of the flame
▪ How to remove a stain from potassium permanganate ▪ How to detect electric current
Artificial leather for touch emulation
15.04.2024 Petgugu Global cat litter
15.04.2024 The attractiveness of caring men
14.04.2024
▪ A black hole cannot become heavier than 50 billion suns ▪ A88W 3D FM2+ Hi-Fi Motherboard for AMD Processors ▪ Where there are more computers and the Internet ▪ Floating robot to explore a volcano after an eruption
▪ site section Power regulators, thermometers, heat stabilizers. Article selection ▪ Stairs article. Tips for the home master ▪ article Who are mammals? Detailed answer ▪ article Jasmine yellow. Legends, cultivation, methods of application ▪ article Linear output in the radio. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting experiments in physics:
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page