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A black hole cannot become heavier than 50 billion suns

28.12.2015

A new study has shown the size limit to which these objects of the universe can grow. Astrophysicist Andrew King (Andrew King) from the University of Leicester (UK) writes that it is equal to 50 billion solar masses. Extremely massive black holes cause a collapse in their accretion disk, which begins to evade its attraction. The scientist believes that at this stage the growth of black holes stops.

Giant black holes exist at the centers of most galaxies. A similar one is located, for example, in the center of the Milky Way. Its size is estimated by scientists at 4 million solar magnitudes, and its weight is billions of suns.

The black hole is growing, constantly absorbing matter from the accretion disk of gas and dust around it. Under the influence of the gravitational force, the material drifts into the inner regions and is absorbed by the black hole. During this process, the gas is heated to very high temperatures. As a result, it can glow brightly, so that from afar, a black hole can look like a quasar.

In 2008, an independent group of researchers led by Priya Natarajan from Yale University (UK) and Ezequiel Treister from the University of Concepción (Chile) considered how many black holes and matter available for their "feeding" existed in times of the early universe. They came to the conclusion that the most "gluttonous" of them reached a maximum gravity of 50 solar masses.

The most massive black holes that we can now observe are 40 billion suns in size. He defined the boundary at 50 billion solar masses, thereby confirming the results of previous studies on this topic. In the absence of a disk, the black hole stops growing. No other process can feed a black hole as intensely as an accretion disk, barring the possibility of engulfing another black hole, the researcher noted.

A characteristic sign that a black hole absorbs cosmic matter very intensively and is soon ready to "choke" on it is a bright glow of the accretion disk in the X-ray range, according to the results of the work.

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