One-way counter of moving objects. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Radio amateur designer
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The device is designed to count the number of cars entering the parking lot (or leaving it), people entering the premises (or leaving), objects moving on the conveyor belt, for use in security alarm systems, etc. The counter operates from two sensors (infrared, light, magnetic, contact or other) installed so that each moving object triggers the first of them, and then the second. Output closed pairs of contacts of the sensors, opening when triggered, control the counter.
The figure shows a diagram of the counter, the state of which increases by one when the sensor B1 and then B2 are triggered. Contacts K1.1 and K2.1 belong to the executive relays of the sensors. When the contacts K1.1 of the sensor B1 are opened, the negative voltage drop from the resistor R2 through the C2VD2 circuit is fed to the upper input of the RS flip-flop, assembled on the elements DD1.1, DD1.2, and to the resistor R4.
If the trigger was in the zero state (low level at pin 3), then it will switch to the single state, and if it was in the single state, then it will remain in it. When the contacts K2.1 of the sensor B2 are opened and the contacts K1.1 are open, the low voltage level from the resistor R2 through the resistor R4 and the C3VD3 circuit enters the lower input of the trigger and switches it to the zero state.
This will cause the counter DD2 to switch at input C from zero to one. The zero reading of the HG1 indicator will change to one. The next triggering of the sensors will transfer the counter DD2 to state 2, and a "two" will appear on the HG1 indicator.
The tenth operation of the sensors resets the counter DD2 and the indicator HG1. The transfer pulse from the output of the counter DD2 switches to state 1 counter DD3 of the second decade. Indicators HG1, HG2 display the number 10. The number of decades of the counter can be increased to five or eight - only the capabilities of the voltage stabilizer VD1R1 can impose a limitation.
By pressing the SB1 button, the counter is set to zero. At the same time, thanks to the diode VD4, the trigger DD 1.1, DD1.2 is also reset.
Author: L. Kompanenko, Moscow; Publication: radioradar.net
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