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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
How did the US develop in the late 1950s and 1960s? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? How did the US develop in the late 1950s and 1960s? By the end of the 1950s. The rapid development of the scientific and technological revolution gave rise to new domestic and foreign policy problems that the United States faced. This required extraordinary recipes for their solution. During the election campaign of 1960, in the traditional confrontation between Republicans and Democrats, the latter, led by their leader J.F. Kennedy, won. They won under the slogan of "new frontiers", which promised the Americans a change for the better, progress and prosperity. At the forefront was the increase in economic growth, which was supposed to give the state additional funds for the implementation of social reforms. But this orientation of the internal political course caused sharp discontent among the conservative forces. The American society was especially excited by Kennedy's decision to start eliminating racial segregation and discrimination. Since the second half of the 1950s. In the United States, mass protests by African Americans for their rights began to rapidly gain momentum. This led to an increase in social tension, as local authorities did not want to abandon their previous policy towards the black population of the country. Subsequently, these issues still had to be resolved, as extremist sentiments grew among the Negro population. True, it took the US authorities a long effort to stabilize the situation. The assassination of Kennedy on November 22, 1963 led to a change in the head of the White House. L. Johnson took over as president. He continued the policy of his predecessor. Moreover, on the eve of the next presidential election, led by the new leader, the Democrats decided to put forward an even more ambitious and large-scale program than the "new frontiers" for building a "great society." On its basis, important social reforms were carried out in the United States. A law was passed to help low-income families, a program for the construction of cheap housing was implemented, and medical insurance for the elderly was introduced. The implementation of social programs required a significant increase in government spending. For social purposes by the end of the 1960s. took about 40% of the federal budget. This course drew strong condemnation from the Republicans. The implementation of social programs met with serious obstacles caused by the fighting of the American army in Vietnam. This US intervention cost the Democrats power. During the 1968 elections, the Republicans won, who nominated R. Nixon as their candidate for the presidency of the country, who adopted the slogan "law and order" during the election campaign, which promised the Americans the strengthening of law and order. At the same time, Nixon promised to end the Vietnam War, which had sparked a protest movement in the country. Nixon weakened the regulatory functions of the federal government in the field of socio-economic relations. Appropriations for the fight against poverty and for the construction of cheap housing were sharply reduced. The federal government has moved to a policy of freezing prices and wages. But in the sphere of social policy, the Nixon administration did not go for drastic spending cuts. More impressive were the achievements of the American administration of R. Nixon in the field of foreign policy. During this period, tension in Soviet-American relations somewhat decreased. In 1972, during the President's visit to Moscow, a number of bilateral agreements on the limitation of strategic arms were signed. There was a desire to curtail the American military presence in Vietnam. In the 1972 elections, R. Nixon won again. However, he could not take advantage of his success. Already in 1973, a series of political scandals began in America over illegal eavesdropping by Republicans of Democratic campaign staff, which ended in 1974 with Nixon's resignation. These events, which went down in history as the "Watergate scandal", damaged the image of the US government. On top of all the troubles, the country was hit by an economic crisis that set the task of structural reforms of the economy. Author: Irina Tkachenko
In what country did vessels exist to collect the tears of the mourners? In Victorian England, special rituals developed around human death. Grieving for loved ones, both women and men, often collected their tears in special vessels. When the liquid from the vessel evaporated, the period of mourning could be considered over.
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