Device for finding electrical wires. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Indicators, detectors
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In order to use the proposed device to find electrical wires and cables laid underground or in cable channels of concrete and brick buildings, the beginning of a pair of wires disconnected from the network or other voltage source should be connected to an AF generator of sufficient power, and the ends of the wires of this pair should be temporarily closed between yourself. The magnetic field created by the alternating current flowing through the wires will be converted into an electrical signal by a nearby sensor of the device.
(click to enlarge)
On the one shown in Fig. Almost all of its details are placed on the printed circuit board of the device. There are no special requirements for them. The KT2B transistor can be replaced with any low-power silicon p-p-p structure, and the K3102UN174 chip can be replaced with a similar imported TDA14. A microammeter with a total deflection current of 2003 μA was taken from the recording level indicator of a cassette recorder. Resistors - C50-1 or MLT-4, capacitors - series KM and K0,125 (oxide).
The board is placed in a metal case, on the cover of which there is an X connector socket, an SA switch, a PA1 microammeter and a variable resistor R4. The GB1 battery (for example, KBS) is fixed to the device body with a metal bracket.
The main unit of the device is mounted near the handle of an aluminum cane, at the remote end of which a magnetic antenna is installed in a separate housing, connected to the device with a shielded wire. This allows the sensor to reach the ceiling or other remote locations where wires may run.
Putting the sensor of a properly assembled device on an insulated wire through which an alternating current flows, we will hear a sound signal in the headphones, and the microammeter needle will deviate by a certain angle. By setting the sliders of the variable resistor R4 and trimmer R6 to the middle position, we select the capacitor C1 according to the maximum signal level. If an overload is observed, the signal can be attenuated by moving the instrument's sensor away from the wire. In conclusion, we set the engine of the tuning resistor R6 to a position at which the sensitivity is maximum, and there are no signal distortions and self-excitation. With the trimmer resistor R9, we achieve the deflection of the microammeter needle on the full scale at the maximum undistorted signal at the output of the amplifier DA1.
Before you start searching for wires underground, practice finding network wires hidden in the walls and ceiling of your own apartment.
Author: B.Konovalov, Irkutsk
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