Explosives within a radius of 100 meters will find a laser. Free Technical Library News

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Explosives within a radius of 100 meters will find a laser

14.03.2012

People want to be at a safe distance from explosives, but in order to detect explosives, you have to get close to them. Scientists from the Vienna University of Technology have succeeded in developing a new method for detecting chemicals inside a closed container at a distance of 100 meters. For this, a laser beam is used, which is scattered differently in certain chemicals. With this technology, you can learn about the contents of the container from a great distance.

The method is based on Raman spectroscopy: a sample is irradiated with a laser beam, and when the light is scattered on the molecules of the sample, it changes its energy. For example, photons can reveal the energy of a molecule when molecular vibrations are excited. This leads to a change in the wavelength of light, which makes it possible to identify various molecules, including explosives.

Until now, this method has worked only if the samples were in close proximity to the laser source, because among the hundreds of millions of photons, only a few could tell about the chemical composition of the sample. For the first time, scientists have managed to create a detector that can perform this task from a distance of 100 m, which is a great success.
To do this, a generally simple method was used: the "telescope" of the detector is aimed at a point irradiated by a laser and collects photons, but parasitic illumination is minimized, and the maximum number of necessary photons is located in the area under study.

A new method for examining buried containers and other remote objects will not only improve airport security, but will also find wide application in science. Thus, with the help of this technology, it is possible to remotely study icebergs, Martian rocks, the surface of asteroids and comets, places of spills of toxins, etc.

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The study of the effect of radiation on the structure of materials used in electronics has recently acquired particular importance. Since in extreme situations, such as accidents at nuclear power plants, rescuers and repairmen use robotic devices to penetrate the contaminated area. Failure of such a device due to underestimated exposure to radiation during a mission can lead to extremely negative consequences. Radiation damages materials at the atomic level. A modern transistor contains millions of atoms and therefore can survive a lot of damage before it breaks. However, the size of microelectronic devices continues to shrink, and if a transistor consists of only a few thousand atoms, then even a small defect can render it unusable.

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