Use of wind energy. Scheme, description

Free technical library

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Free library / Schemes of radio-electronic and electrical devices

Use of wind energy. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

Comments on the article

Wind is an unlimited resource for electricity generation. It is everywhere, endless, environmentally friendly. The use of wind energy began at a very early stage in human history. The ancient Persians (the territory of modern Iran) used the power of the wind to grind grain. In medieval Holland, windmills were used not only to grind grain, but also to pump water from polders. In the middle of the XIX century. In the United States, a multi-bladed windmill was invented, which was used to lift water from wells.

Use of wind energy

If in the past wind energy was used, as a rule, to increase the efficiency of physical labor (for grinding grain or as a water pump), at present, wind energy is used mainly to generate electricity (the wind rotates the blades of an electric generator).

Use of wind energy

The Danes were the first to learn how to receive electricity using wind in 1890. The production of "wind" electricity is organized both on huge wind farms for national energy systems, and at the local level to meet the needs of rural settlements or individual energy consumers (households). Until the mid 1990s. the most widely used are small and medium wind power plants with a capacity of 100 to 500 kW. In recent years, serial production of wind turbines with a capacity of up to 2000 kW has begun. Their rotor has a diameter of up to 80 m, and the height of the tower reaches 120 m or more.

Use of wind energy

Wind volatility is not a problem for its use at the local level (when using a wind generator as part of a hybrid installation and the presence of batteries). Small wind turbines are usually used for autonomous operation (for example, on a separate farm).

Larger ones are often concentrated on one site, creating a so-called wind farm.

The geography of the world wind energy has undergone quite significant changes over the past decades. Until the mid 1990s. in terms of the total capacity of wind farms, the United States occupied the first place: in 1985, this country accounted for 95% of the world's capacity. Almost all of them were concentrated in California. In the second half of the 1990s. world leadership passed to Western Europe, where already in 1996 55% of the world's wind power capacities were concentrated. Ten years ago, wind turbines in Western Europe provided the household electricity needs of about 3 million people.

In recent years, wind energy has developed at a faster rate than energy using other types of alternative energy sources. Hence the significant increase in the capacity of wind turbines in the world. The volume of electricity generation from wind in the period from 2000 to 2006 increased 4 times. The growth rate of the wind turbine market in the world over the past few years is 25-30%. At the end of 2006, the total capacity of all wind turbines in the world was estimated at 74 GW. The total capacity of all wind turbines installed in 2006 was 15,2 GW. The total cost of wind turbines installed in 2006 amounted to 23 billion US dollars (or 1500 US dollars per 1 kW).

And while wind energy only accounts for about 1% of the world's total electricity generation, for some countries the figure is much higher. In particular, the share of wind power in Denmark is 20%, in Spain - 9%, in Germany - 7%.

How are wind power capacities distributed around the world? The first place is confidently "located" in Germany, in which the installed capacity of wind turbines is 20,6 GW. This is followed by Spain (11,6 GW), USA (11,6 GW), India (6,2 GW), Denmark (3,1 GW). The largest wind power capacities in 2006 were introduced in the USA (2,4 GW), Germany (2,2 GW), India (1,8 GW), Spain (1,5 GW), China (1,3 GW) , France (0,8 GW).

See other articles Section Alternative energy sources.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Traffic noise delays the growth of chicks 06.05.2024

The sounds that surround us in modern cities are becoming increasingly piercing. However, few people think about how this noise affects the animal world, especially such delicate creatures as chicks that have not yet hatched from their eggs. Recent research is shedding light on this issue, indicating serious consequences for their development and survival. Scientists have found that exposure of zebra diamondback chicks to traffic noise can cause serious disruption to their development. Experiments have shown that noise pollution can significantly delay their hatching, and those chicks that do emerge face a number of health-promoting problems. The researchers also found that the negative effects of noise pollution extend into the adult birds. Reduced chances of reproduction and decreased fertility indicate the long-term effects that traffic noise has on wildlife. The study results highlight the need ... >>

Wireless speaker Samsung Music Frame HW-LS60D 06.05.2024

In the world of modern audio technology, manufacturers strive not only for impeccable sound quality, but also for combining functionality with aesthetics. One of the latest innovative steps in this direction is the new Samsung Music Frame HW-LS60D wireless speaker system, presented at the 2024 World of Samsung event. The Samsung HW-LS60D is more than just a speaker system, it's the art of frame-style sound. The combination of a 6-speaker system with Dolby Atmos support and a stylish photo frame design makes this product the perfect addition to any interior. The new Samsung Music Frame features advanced technologies including Adaptive Audio that delivers clear dialogue at any volume level, and automatic room optimization for rich audio reproduction. With support for Spotify, Tidal Hi-Fi and Bluetooth 5.2 connections, as well as smart assistant integration, this speaker is ready to satisfy your ... >>

A New Way to Control and Manipulate Optical Signals 05.05.2024

The modern world of science and technology is developing rapidly, and every day new methods and technologies appear that open up new prospects for us in various fields. One such innovation is the development by German scientists of a new way to control optical signals, which could lead to significant progress in the field of photonics. Recent research has allowed German scientists to create a tunable waveplate inside a fused silica waveguide. This method, based on the use of a liquid crystal layer, allows one to effectively change the polarization of light passing through a waveguide. This technological breakthrough opens up new prospects for the development of compact and efficient photonic devices capable of processing large volumes of data. The electro-optical control of polarization provided by the new method could provide the basis for a new class of integrated photonic devices. This opens up great opportunities for ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Wind turbine without blades 10.02.2007

The new system of wind power generators, proposed by the English inventor Victor Jovanovich, actually has blades, but they are hidden in a streamlined casing.

The wind rotates a wheel with blades inside the casing, resembling the main part of a turboprop aircraft engine. According to the inventor, such a system has doubled efficiency and operates at wind speeds from 11 to 200 kilometers per hour.

Other interesting news:

▪ Underwater quantum communication channel

▪ Fractal antennas for smart clothes

▪ Ideal vascular prostheses

▪ Sony IMX661 large format CMOS image sensor

▪ The longest-lived vertebrate identified

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Computer devices. Article selection

▪ article What my left foot wants. Popular expression

▪ article How did the measure of the weight of precious stones appear? Detailed answer

▪ article Fragrant bedstraw. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article One-line electrical switchboard diagram for a two-room apartment. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Stereo decoder with pilot tone. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews