grids. Travel Tips

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grids. Travel Tips

Tourist tips

Now no one doubts that the Earth is more or less round. And the map we are used to dealing with is a flat sheet of paper, so no matter how hard cartographers try to accurately depict the location of objects on the map, this will always be associated with distortion.

To minimize errors, complex mathematical calculations are used, thanks to which important parameters such as distance and area are displayed on the map with the highest possible accuracy.

Since it is inconvenient to use curved coordinate lines to indicate the position on the map, cartographers have developed various systems for imposing regular lines on such maps. grids. The grid is formed by two sets of straight parallel and equidistant lines intersecting at right angles. Each line is assigned a number or an individual combination of letters and numbers, and the grid itself is designed in such a way that the coordinates of any object on the map can be accurately expressed in terms of latitude and longitude.

For ordinary orientation in the wild, it is more convenient to use grid (square) coordinates, rather than cumbersome indicators of latitude and longitude. Such coordinates are quickly and easily read from the map, and the location of the object can be indicated with an accuracy of up to 100 m using a six-digit number.

Grids are widely used to mark, among other things, favorite camping and fishing areas, as well as by emergency services to indicate the location of the victim during the rescue operation. If you ever need to call rescue teams, the first thing to do is to find out the location of the accident on the coordinate grid.

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Flexible 32-bit ARM microcontroller 24.07.2021

Unlike conventional semiconductor chips, flexible electronic devices are based on paper, plastic, or foil substrates and use active thin-film semiconductor materials, including organic compounds, metal oxides, and amorphous silicon.

After six years of development, ARM introduced the first fully 32-bit flexible PlasticARM microcontroller, which consists of 56 thin-film NMOS transistors (Negative channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) and resistors on a plastic substrate provided by the British manufacturing company PragmatIC Semiconductor from Cambridge.

The chipset is implemented using the 0,8 micron PragmatIC process and standard tooling. It consists of four metal layers on a 200 mm polyimide plate. The two lower layers contain standard cells, and the two upper ones serve to connect them. This approach made it possible to bring the total valve density to approximately 300 per mm2.

At 59,2 square millimeters, PlasticARM is 12 times the size of a previous joint development between ARM and PragmatIC - a dedicated FlexIC core for machine learning workloads - and marks a significant step forward in low-cost, flexible plastic electronics for everyday IoT-connected objects.

As reported in an article published yesterday by the journal Nature, the flexible microcontroller includes a 32-bit CPU, NVIC (Nested Vector Interrupt Controller) for handling interrupts from external devices, peripherals, memory and interface, an AHB-lite interconnect bus and 456 bytes ROM. The firmware contains three test programs using the ARMv6-M instruction set and the standard ARM toolchain.

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