Pedal mini boat. Drawing, description

PERSONAL TRANSPORT: GROUND, WATER, AIR
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Pedal mini boat. Personal transport

Personal transport: land, water, air

Directory / Personal transport: land, water, air

Our boat is designed for one person and is suitable for small trips, fishing. It is simple in design, does not require scarce materials, so even schoolchildren can build it. The small weight of the boat (no more than 20 kg) allows you to transport it to the reservoir on a handcart or on a home-made "bike trailer" - a bicycle trailer. If desired, the boat can be converted into a sailboat and sail on it.

Here are the main dimensions of the boat: length - 1,8 m, width - 0,86 m, side height - 0,4 m, draft: in the pedal version - 0,3 m, in the sailing version with a centerboard - 0,52 m, sail area - 3,2 m2.

The hull of the boat is flat-bottomed, with high sloping sides (Fig. 1). Unlike a sharp-nosed boat, which, when approaching the shore, sits on the ground with its keel and often falls on board, the punt maintains a stable position. Its high stability is ensured by the low position of the center of gravity. With a relatively narrow bottom and shallow draft, the boat easily navigates the water.

The transverse hull set (Fig. 2) consists of a transom and two frames (frame and simple), and the longitudinal one consists of a keel, cheekbone stringers and fenders of the same section (10x40 mm). All longitudinal connections are cut into the transom and frames by 8-10 mm. Sheathing is made of ordinary building plywood 3-4 mm thick. To make it more durable and waterproof, the outside of the case is pasted over with fiberglass, and the inside is impregnated with hot drying oil. The sheathing is pressed against the fender with collars with a section of 20x15 mm. Attach them with glue and screws. The beads are also placed outside the side, at about half its height. The bottom is protected by two outer stringers-runners.

(click to enlarge)

Rice. 1: 1 - boat hull, 2 - drive, 3 - steering gear, 4 - foam, 5 - propeller, 6 - payol, 7 - seat.

Rice. 2: 1 - stem (250x100x40 mm); 2, 3 - upper and lower mast beams (15x60 mm); 4 - beam (700x100x18 mm); 5, 6 - details of frames 1 and 2 (40x18 mm); 7 - transom piping (40x18 mm, 4 pcs.); 8 - transom (plywood S5); 9, 10 - knees (plywood S3); 11 - outer ribs (15x30 mm, 2 pcs.); 12 - fender (40x10 mm, 2 pcs.); 13 - cheekbone stringer (40x10 mm, 2 pcs.); 14 - keel (40x20 mm); 15 - for mast steps (60x40 mm); 16 - bow deck (plywood S4); 17 - upper collar (20x15 mm, 2 pcs.); 18 - middle shoulder (15x15 mm, 2 pcs.); 19 - bottom stringer (15x15 mm, 2 pcs.); 20 - bottom (plywood S5); 21 - sides (plywood S5).

The bow of the boat is closed by a deck. The stem is cut from a board 20 mm thick. The joints of the bottom and side parts of the frames are reinforced on both sides with plywood brackets 3 mm thick. The same knees are installed at the corners of the plywood transom strapping. To make the boat unsinkable, foam blocks are inserted into the bow and stern of the hull.

The steering device on the boat is a lever-cable (Fig. 3). The rudder blade, mounted on the stock, is suspended on the transom of the boat on special loops, brackets. Turning is carried out with the help of cables attached to the axis of the steering wheel and the control handle located on the frame. The cables are carried along the side and transom through brackets with rollers. After installing a stock with a rudder blade on the stern, the control cables are pulled to working condition by hooking them to special hooks on board the boat. The rudder is shifted by moving the control handle back and forth. To prevent spontaneous movement of the steering wheel, the handle is clamped with a screw through notched washers and leather gaskets - this creates the necessary friction.

Rice. 3 (click to enlarge): 1 - M8 screw; 2 - notched washer; 3 - leather gasket; 4 - handle; 5 - washer; 6 - bar; 7 - control cables with a diameter of 2 mm; 8 - guide brackets; 9 - guide with pulleys; 10 - rings; 11 - rudder stock (20x40 mm); 12 - rudder blade (duralumin S2 mm); 13 - steering wheel axis (bar with a diameter of 8 mm); 14 - loops for the steering wheel; 15 - staples; 16 - guide with a pulley.

Now about the drive (Fig. 4). Its design uses a pedal drive with a drive sprocket, a carriage and part of the frame of a bicycle that has served its time. A hand drill without a handle was used as an intermediate link connecting the bicycle drive with the propeller. A driven sprocket is mounted on its axis (number of teeth z=16). Leading (number of teeth z=32) and driven sprockets are connected by a bicycle chain. The propeller shaft is made from a piece of high-pressure rubber hose reinforced with a metal braid. At one end it is put on the axis of the screw, the other on the adapter, which is screwed instead of the cartridge onto the working shaft of the drill. The hose is attached with clamps.

To make it easier to select the optimal propeller pitch, we propose to make it with rotating blades (Fig. 5). In the desired position, they are fixed with nuts. The blades are curved from a thin sheet of stainless steel 1-1,5 mm thick. Studs with M6 thread are welded to their inner ends. In normal operation (like on a bicycle), the drive turns the propeller counterclockwise - as viewed from the stern of the boat. But you can also go in reverse, however, in this case, the pedals will have to be rotated in the opposite direction.

(click to enlarge)

Rice. 4: 1 - frame with carriage; 2 - chain; 3 - hand drill without a handle, 4 - sprocket, 5 - clamp, 6 - hose, 7 - rack.

Rice. 5: 1 - propeller blade, 2 - hub, 3 - fairing, 4 - propeller axis, 5 - support, 6 - high pressure flexible hose.

The propeller is the main node in our mini-boat. It has a simplified design. To increase its efficiency, the blades are made adjustable - that is, depending on the driving conditions, you can change their angle of attack (propeller pitch). To do this, loosen the nuts and turn the blades to the required angle. When choosing the optimal pitch of the screw, you need to remember this pattern. If the stride is large, the paddles grab and throw back a lot of water, making it hard for the paddler to pedal. Conversely, if the pitch is small, pedaling is easier, but the speed of the boat will be small.

As we have said, our boat can be easily converted into a mini dinghy. It is only necessary to sew a small sail, make a wooden mast and boom, and attach a removable centerboard to the bottom of the boat.

And in conclusion, we remind you: when going sailing on a pedal boat or a mini-dinghy, do not forget to put on a life jacket before going out on the water.

Author: N. Shershakov

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