Headbands

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Headbands

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

To cover the scalp (Fig. 62, a, b) most often used a simple and reliable bandage "cap". A piece of a narrow bandage 1 m long is applied to the parietal region with its middle part. The ends of the bandage in front of the auricles are lowered down, they are held in a taut state by the patient himself or by an assistant; after applying a bandage, this bandage is used as a strengthening tie; around the head through the frontal and occipital regions impose two circular tours; having brought the third round to the tie-bandage, the main bandage is circled around it, after which the bandage is led through the occipital region to the opposite end of the tie. Here again, the bandage is circled around the tie and applied to the fronto-parietal region in such a way as to close the circular bandage by 2/3; throwing the bandage each time through the tie towards the crown, gradually close the entire cranial vault; the end of the bandage is tied to one of the ties, after which the ends of the bandage-tie are tied under the chin with some tension.

Headbands

Fig. 62. Headbands: a - "bonnet"; b - bandage-hat; c - in one eye; g - on both eyes; e - on the ear and occipital region; e - on the occipital region and neck; g - bandage-"bridle"; h - the imposition of a mesh bandage on the head; the numbers indicate the order of applying bandage tours

Bandage on the eye (Fig. 62, c, d). The first circular tour passes through the fronto-occipital region. The second round in the occipital region is lowered closer to the neck and brought under the ear to the face - through the eye area to the forehead. The third round is circular, fixing. The next tour is again oblique: from the occipital region, the bandage is carried out over the ear, above the eye, on the forehead, etc. Each oblique tour gradually shifts upward and completely covers the eye area; the bandage ends with a circular tour. The technique of bandaging the left and right eyes is different: when bandaging the right eye, the bandage is applied from left to right, as with all bandages, and when bandaging the left, from right to left.

Bandage on the ear area (Fig. 62, d). The so-called Neapolitan bandage is convenient. They start it with a circular tour through the fronto-occipital region. Subsequent rounds on the affected side are gradually lowered lower and lower. Having closed the ear and the area of the mastoid process, the bandage is fixed with several circular rounds.

Bandage on the occipital region and neck (Fig. 62, e, f). Apply an eight-shaped bandage, starting with two circular tours around the head; then it is lowered over the left ear to the occipital region and, at the right angle of the lower jaw, is brought to the front surface of the neck, from under the left corner of the lower jaw upward through the occipital region above the right ear and onto the forehead, etc. Gradually shifting the place of the intersection of the oblique bandage tours, cover the entire occipital region. If necessary, close the neck to the eight-shaped tours periodically add several circular tours around the neck.

Bandage on the lower jaw (Fig. 62, g). A bandage called a "bridle" is applied. Having fixed the bandage with a circular tour through the fronto-occipital region, the second tour through the occipital region is directed obliquely down to the opposite side and carried out at the angle of the lower jaw, turning into vertical tours in front of the ears, covering the temporal, parietal and chin regions. Having fixed the lower jaw, the next round is led from under the jaw (on the other side) obliquely through the occipital region, passing into horizontal tours through the forehead and back of the head. For complete closure of the lower jaw, the next round is again led through the occipital region obliquely down to the opposite side surface of the neck, applied to the lower jaw and the other half of the neck. After applying several such horizontal tours, the bandage is transferred to the lower surface of the chin and several vertical tours are applied through the chin-parietal regions. The bandage is finished with circular tours around the head, for which the bandage is carried out obliquely upward again through the occipital region.

With a mesh-tubular elastic bandage, the dressing can be securely fastened to any part of the head and face (Fig. 62, h).

Handkerchief, sling-like and contour dressings are comfortable and easy to apply on the nose, upper lip, chin and calvaria.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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