Desmurgy

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Desmurgy

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Desmurgy - the science of bandaging.

A bandage is a dressing material specially fixed on the body. The process of applying a bandage is called dressing. Distinguish ordinary dressings - protecting wounds from external harmful influences, holding dressings and medicines; pressure bandages - creating constant pressure on any part of the body (used more often to stop bleeding); immobilizing dressings - creating immobility of the damaged part of the body; occlusive dressings - hermetically sealing the body cavity; stretch bandages - creating a constant stretching of any part of the body; corrective dressings - correcting the incorrect position of a particular part of the body.

There are bandages soft и solid. Soft bandages are applied with a gauze bandage, elastic bandage, mesh-tubular bandage, cotton fabric. 4 Rigid dressings use a solid material (wood, metal) or a material that has the ability to harden: gypsum, special plastics, starch, glue. Of the hard ones, they are most often used tire bandages, and in hospitals, metal elements are often used to create immobilization in case of fractures of the limbs.

Depending on how the dressing material is fixed to the body, there are adhesive, sling-like, kerchief (Fig. 58, 59, 60) and Outline bandages.

Desmurgy

Rice. 58. Adhesive dressings: a - glue bandage, b - adhesive sticker

Desmurgy

Rice. 59. Sling dressings: a - on the nose; b - on the chin; c, d - on the parietal and occipital regions

Desmurgy

Rice. 60. Kerchief bandages: a - on the head; b - on the shoulder joint (from two scarves); c - on the hip joint (from two scarves); g - on the lower leg; e - on the area of the mammary gland; e - to support the forearm and hand

Contour dressings are cut out from a piece of matter along the profile of the closed part of the body. The contour bandages are fixed with sewn-on ribbons. For example, contour dressings include a bandage and suspensory, sewn to the size of the patient.

For first aid, ready-made bandage dressings are very convenient - the so-called individual dressing package.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

We recommend interesting articles Section Fundamentals of First Aid:

▪ Providing first aid for injuries of the musculoskeletal system

▪ How to splint

▪ Patient position

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A hybrid of atomic clocks and ultra-precise scales 18.01.2013

Physicists have created a new kind of atomic clock based on the cesium atom, which can be used not only as a chronometer and time standard, but also as ultra-precise scales, which will allow in the near future to link mass and time standards, according to an article published in the journal Science.

"The accuracy of our clocks exceeds seven parts per billion. This error corresponds to a shift of one second in eight years, which is approximately equal to the accuracy of the first cesium-based atomic clocks created 60 years ago. (On the other hand), these clocks, in combination with the best Avogadro's spheres will help us redefine the kilogram. The tick frequency in our clock is equivalent to the mass of a single atom, and knowing it, we can calculate the mass of the entire sample," said team leader Holger Mueller of the University of California at Berkeley. (USA).

As physicists explain, atoms and electrons are not only microparticles, but also waves. Because of this, they have the same properties as electromagnetic waves, including frequency and amplitude. The natural frequency of oscillations of atoms is called Compton, in honor of the American physicist Arthur Compton, one of the pioneers of quantum mechanics.

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