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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions for labor protection during pile work
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. Only workers who are at least 18 years old, who have passed a medical examination, special technical training and passed a knowledge test at the enterprise commission are allowed to carry out piling work. Permission to work independently is documented in writing in the workplace briefing log. Before being allowed to work, personnel involved in piling operations must undergo induction and on-the-job training. In the future, he is required to undergo repeated briefings at least once every 3 months, unscheduled and targeted briefings. 1.2. Piling personnel must know:
1.3. Piling personnel must comply with:
1.4. To protect against hazardous and harmful production factors, workers engaged in piling work must be provided with special clothing and safety devices in accordance with the requirements of the Standard Industry Standards for the free provision of special clothing and footwear to workers and employees, as well as other PPE. 1.5. When carrying out piling work, workers may be exposed to the following dangerous and harmful factors:
1.6 Piling personnel must use the following PPE:
In winter additionally:
1.7. When performing piling work, personnel must remember that if the requirements of the instructions are violated, they are liable in accordance with current legislation. 1.8. While on the railway, the personnel must perform:
2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on overalls and tuck them in so that they do not have loose ends and unbuttoned cuffs. 2.4. Clean work area and aisles. 2.5. Check the condition of the pile driver, hammer and vibratory loaders, the reliability of fastening of components and connections, mechanisms, fences, and paths for movement of the pile driver. 2.6. Check the presence and serviceability of lifting mechanisms, cables, blocks and winches, the presence of inscriptions on their lifting capacity and test dates. 2.7. Try out all the mechanisms. 2.8. Check the serviceability of the tool, fixtures, you need to require that the workplace is adequately lit. 2.9. Check the availability and serviceability of grounding of the electrical equipment of the pile driver. 2.10. The pile driver must have a device for automatically winding the electric cable onto the drum when the pile driver moves. All electric motors must be protected from precipitation. 2.11. Before starting work on driving or moving metal tongues, as well as before assembling into packages, you should check the safety and straightness of the tongue locks, and using a template, check their correctness 2.12. Before assembling the sheet piles into packages, it is necessary to check the horizontal position of the plaza. The plaza must be equipped with a jig or a stop that ensures the immobility of the tongues when assembled into a package. 2.13. Check the presence of fences and blocking devices, alarms. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. Assembly and dismantling of the pile driver should be carried out according to the work plan approved by the chief engineer. 3.4. When lifting a pile driver assembled in a horizontal position, all work must be stopped within a radius equal to the length of the lifting pile structure with temporary equipment plus 5 m. 3.5. The rail track for installing, moving and turning the pile driver must be securely fastened. 3.6. When moving, towing, turning and changing the inclination on the pile driver's boom, the hammer must be lowered to the lower position and secured with locking bolts. 3.7. All working platforms of the pile driver and ladders must be securely reinforced and have railings at least 1 m high with a side railing at the bottom no less than 15 cm high. 3.8. On vertical stairs, as well as on stairs with an angle of inclination to the horizon of more than 75° and a height of more than 5 m, starting from 3 m, fences in the form of arcs (rings) with at least three longitudinal connections are installed. 3.9. The maximum hammer weight and pile weight for a given pile driver must be applied with indelible paint on the barrel or frame of the pile driver. A load limiter must be installed on the pile driver. Safety measures when immersing piles and sheet piles. 3.8. Driving and vibratory driving of piles should be carried out under the direct supervision of the work manufacturer or foreman according to technological diagrams or instructions for driving piles. 3.10. The driving of piles is permitted only with the use of special guides or conductors specified in the work project and ensuring the safety of the work. 3.11. Before moving or turning the pile driver, the following work must be done:
3.12. When moving, lifting and turning piles, you must use special keys and guy wires of sufficient length. Doing this work with your hands is prohibited. 3.13. When transferring piles using a crane from a horizontal to a vertical position, it is prohibited to use the auxiliary hook of the crane if the lifting capacity of the hook is less than half the weight of the pile being lifted. 3.14. When lifting piles that are in a horizontal position, under all conditions the vertical position of the pulleys of the pile driver's lifting hook must be ensured. 3.15. Piles should be winched to their installation site only through the outlet block in a straight line and within the clear visibility of the winch operator. 3.16. The piles are pulled up using rollers or shoes along a cleared path. It is prohibited to drag piles directly along the ground. 3.17. When moving, lifting and installing all types of piles, they can only be lashed at fixed points using hinges or brackets, and a metal tongue - using an earring installed in the slot in the top at the end of the tongue. Slinging can be performed by licensed slingers. 3.18. When lifting piles with a sling, the cable must be passed through the bracket and applied evenly to the pile, without knots or twisting. Soft pads must be laid and tied onto the edges of the pile to protect the cable from sharp bends and chafing. 3.19. It is prohibited to sling structures that are in an unstable position. 3.20. When driving the pile, the impact part of the diesel hammer is in the lower position. It is prohibited to carry out maintenance or repair of an unsecured piling apparatus, in which the impact part is raised and not locked or the operating power is not turned off. 3.21. Piles and piling equipment should be installed without interruption until the work is completed. If it is impossible to use a pile driver or to drive a pile (sheet pile), the striking part of the hammer must be in the lower position. 3.20. When driving piles with a hammer suspended from a crane, the latter must be equipped with a suspended boom to fix the position of the piles. 3.21. Driving piles should be done using caps corresponding to the cross-section of the pile. 3.22. When driving piles, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the cap; it is prohibited to use a cap that has cracks in the seams, as well as a worn wooden sole. If the cap or head of the pile being driven is destroyed, the driving work should be stopped. Sloping piles should be driven only using universal or specially designed pile drivers. 3.23. When installing a pile under a pile driver, you must first raise the hammer to the top position, secure it with a locking rod, and then install the pile. 3.24. Before installing a self-jamming head cap, it is necessary to carefully check its serviceability, as well as the serviceability of the electrical wiring, the integrity of the insulation, the presence of grounding, the serviceability of the gearbox, and the electric motor. This work is performed by an electrician on duty who has an electrical safety group of at least II. 3.25. It is allowed to remove the slings from the pile only after securing them in the guides, lowering them to the ground and landing the hammer on the head of the pile. It is prohibited to leave the piles suspended during breaks in the work of the pile driver. 3.26. It is necessary to move and turn over piles using mechanized means. 3.27. It is prohibited to remove a frozen pile or sheet piling using a pile driver or crane. 3.28. The tongue and groove should be inserted into the lock using braces fixed at a height of 2 m from the lower end of the tongue. 3.29. The command to the driver should only be given by the worker inserting the tongue into the lock. The initial lowering should be no more than 10 cm, and subsequent lowering should only be done at the command of the worker inserting the tongue into the lock. 3.30. The pre-exposed tongue is inserted into the lock from a scaffold hung on the exposed sheet pile. 3.31. The insertion of sheet piles into the ridges of a previously immersed sheet pile must be done using special devices (catching devices, catcher frames) 3.32. Starting a hammer or vibratory hammer is permitted only after the pile has settled into the ground under its own weight. An audible signal must be given before starting. 3.33. Pile driving or driving should only begin at the command of the pile driver. 3.34. When driving freely suspended sheet pilings and piles, the pile driving apparatus must be securely fastened to them. Until the piles or sheet piles are securely buried and the direction of the piles is established, the piling machine should not be turned on at full power. 4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 4.1. If an emergency occurs, the piling rig personnel are obliged to stop work, immediately report the incident to the foreman and then follow his instructions to prevent accidents or eliminate the emergency situation that has arisen. 4.2. If an electric motor fire occurs, notify the technician and begin to extinguish the electric motor fire using carbon dioxide fire extinguishers. When using carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, do not touch the fire extinguisher mouth with your hand. 4.3. If weather conditions change (snowfall, fog) that impair visibility within the work front, as well as wind increases to a speed of 15 m/sec or more, it is necessary to stop work and report to the supervisor. 4.4. In case of deviation of the driven pile from the design position or its destruction during driving, such a pile should be pulled out using a double-action hammer or a vibratory driver, if the machine is equipped with such a unit. 5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. After finishing the work, the pile driver must be lowered to the lower position and secured with a stopper.
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