Instructions on labor protection when towing and uncoupling cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer)

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection when towing and uncoupling cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer). Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. Introduction

1.1. This Instruction regulates the basic safety requirements for towing, hitching and unhitching cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer).

1.2. The driver or a specially designated person, when performing work on towing, coupling and uncoupling cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer) must:

comply with the requirements of the labor protection instruction developed on the basis of this Standard Instruction;
know and be able to provide first aid to the victim in accordance with "Instructions for providing first aid in case of accidents";
also follow the instructions of the representative of the joint committee (commission) for labor protection or the authorized (trusted) person for labor protection of the trade union committee.

Noticing a violation of safety requirements by another employee, warn him of the need to comply with them.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Drivers or specially designated persons who have received an introductory briefing and initial briefing in the workplace on labor protection and trained in safe working methods are allowed to tow, hitch and unhitch cars or a car and a trailer.

2.2. An employee who has not undergone a timely re-instruction on labor protection (at least once every 1 months) should not start work.

2.3. When towing, coupling and uncoupling, you must be careful not to be distracted by extraneous matters and conversations.

2.4. When towing, hitching and unhitching, you need to know and remember that accidents can most often occur when:

work with an unreliably braked car, trailer, semi-trailer;
the presence of an employee between a towing vehicle with a running engine and a trailer or a towed vehicle during coupling or uncoupling;
using random items as a tug;
uncoordinated actions of the drivers of the towing and towed vehicles.

2.5. For non-compliance with the requirements of the instructions developed on the basis of this Standard Instruction, an employee who tows, hitches, uncouples cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer) is liable in accordance with applicable law.

3. Safety requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work, an employee towing, hitching, uncoupling cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer) must:

check the serviceability of trailers (semi-trailers), their towing devices, the presence and serviceability of devices and tools;
remove unauthorized persons from the working area.

4. Safety requirements during work

4.1. Before coupling and uncoupling the vehicle and the trailer (semi-trailer), the latter must be braked with a parking brake, and wheel chocks (shoes) should be placed under the wheels.

4.2. During the delivery of the car-tractor to the towed vehicle, it is forbidden for people to be between this vehicle and the moving car.

4.3. Coupling or uncoupling should be carried out on a flat horizontal surface, and the longitudinal axis of the coupled semi-trailer must coincide with the longitudinal axis of the towing vehicle.

4.4. The coupling of a road train consisting of a car and two or more trailers must be carried out by three people - the driver, the person performing the coupling, and the person coordinating their work.

In exceptional cases (long-distance flights, removal of agricultural products from the fields, etc.), the coupling is allowed to be carried out by one driver.

4.5. Before coupling a trailer (semi-trailer), the driver must make sure that:

connecting hoses and electrical wires do not interfere with the hitch;

the sides are closed;
saddle - coupling device, king pin and their fastenings are serviceable;
the front part of the semi-trailer is located in such a way that when hitching, the front edge of the base plate falls on the skid or on the saddle.

4.6. When hitching or unhitching, a trailer drawbar that does not have retaining springs should be mounted on a stand that prevents it from falling.

4.7. It is allowed to release the brakes of the trailer or semi-trailer and remove the stops from under the wheels only after the coupling is completed.

4.8. Before the coupler or uncoupler establishes between the vehicle and the trailer, the driver of the vehicle must brake his vehicle with the parking brake, turn off the engine and place the shift lever (controller) in the neutral position.

4.9. It is forbidden to tow vehicles by pushing.

4.10. Towing a car on a rigid or flexible hitch should be carried out with the driver at the wheel of the towed vehicle, except for cases when the design of the rigid hitch ensures that the towed vehicle follows the trajectory of the towing vehicle during straight motion.

4.11. When towing on a flexible hitch, the distance between the towing and towed vehicles must be within 4-6 m, and when towing on a rigid hitch - no more than 4 m.

4.12. Towing is prohibited:

vehicles that do not have steering control (towing by partial loading is allowed);
two or more vehicles;
vehicles with an inoperative brake system, if their actual mass is more than half of the actual mass of the towing vehicle. With a lower actual mass, towing of such vehicles is allowed only on a rigid hitch or by partial loading;
on sleet on a flexible coupling.

4.13. When towing on a flexible or rigid hitch, it is prohibited for people to be in the towed bus, in the back of the towed truck.

When towing by partial loading, it is forbidden for people to be in the cab or body of the towed vehicle, as well as in the body of the towing vehicle.

4.14. When towing on a flexible hitch, it is forbidden to pull the cable in jerks. It is forbidden to stay closer than 6 m from the tension cable.

4.15. Towing metal cables must have loops at the ends with a special seal.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. The employee must immediately inform the administration of the enterprise about each accident that he witnessed, and provide the victim with first aid, call a doctor, help deliver the victim to a health center or the nearest medical facility.

If an accident occurs with the employee himself, he should, if possible, contact the health center, report the incident to the administration of the enterprise or ask someone around to do it.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

6.1. Upon completion of work:

6.1.1. Remove fixtures, tools in the place provided for it.

6.1.2. Wash your hands with soap.

6.1.3. Notify your immediate supervisor of any deficiencies discovered during work.

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